Gregory Skovoroda also known as Grigory Skovoroda (Russian: Григорий Сковорода) and Hryhory Skovoroda (Ukrainian: Григорій Сковорода) was a Ukranian philosopher of Cossack origin who lived and worked in the Russian Empire. He was also a poet, teacher and composer of liturgical music. His significant influence on his contemporaries and succeeding generations and his way of life were universally regarded as Socratic, and he was often called a "Socrates." Skovoroda's work contributed to the cultural heritage of both modern-day Ukraine and Russia. Skovoroda wrote his texts in a mixture of three languages: Church Slavic, Ukrainian and Russian, with a large number of Western-Europeanisms, and quotations in Latin and Greek. Most of his preserved letters were written in Latin or Greek, but a small fraction used the variety of Russian of the educated class in Sloboda Ukraine, a result of long Russification but with many Ukrainianisms still evident. He received his education at the Kyiv Mohyla Academy in Kyiv (Ukraine). Haunted by worldly and spiritual powers, the philosopher led a life of an itinerant thinker-beggar. In his tracts and dialogs, biblical problems overlap with those examined earlier by Plato and the Stoics. Skovoroda's first book was issued after his death in 1798 in Saint Petersburg. Skovoroda's complete works were published for the first time in Saint Petersburg in 1861. Before this edition many of his works existed only in manuscript form. His literary work include a collection of 30 verses-songs composed from 1753 to 1785 and titled Sad bozhestvennykh pesnei (eng. Garden of Divine Songs), his collection of 30 fables composed between 1760 and 1770 and titled Basni Khar’kovskiia (eng. Kharkiv Fables), his dozen or so other verses-songs, his letters to friends written mostly in Latin, and his translations from Latin and Greek of Cicero (106 BC – 43 BC) Plutarch (46–119) and Sidronius De Hossche (1596 - 1653). His philosophical works consist of a treatise on Christian morality and 12 dialogues. His Ukrainian language profile can be found here Григорій Сковорода His Russian language profile can be found here Григорий Сковорода

Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Roman constitutionalist. Cicero is widely considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. Alternate profiles: Cicéron Note: All editions should have Marcus Tullius Cicero as primary author. Editions with another name on the cover should have that name added as secondary author.