Arthur D. Robbins is a psychologist with a practice in Manhattan. He holds a bachelors in English from Queens College, a doctorate in psychology from the New School for Social Research and a doctorate in French and Romance Philology from Columbia University, where he specialized in 18th-century political thought. Dr. Robbins spent a year and a half in Paris studying psychopathology at the Sorbonne. His articles on French literature and psychopathology have appeared in scholarly journals. He has devoted the last ten years to a study of democracy in its historical context. In his spare time Dr. Robbins enjoys playing Bach on the cello and studying painting at the Art Students League. He once made a violin from scratch, one of his proudest achievements.