Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics
Series · 61
books · 1951-2025
Books in series
#24
Invariants of Quadratic Differential Forms
2004
Written in the wake of the advent of Relativity by an author who made important contributions to projective and differential geometry, and topology, this early Cambridge Tract in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics aimed to assist students of the time from the fields of differential geometry and mathematical physics. Beginning by introducing formal preliminaries, the text continues, bringing the underlying differential invariant theory that to this day remains relevant in a range of geometrical and physical applications, to the fore.
#36
Random Variables and Probability Distributions
1970
This tract develops the purely mathematical side of the theory of probability, without reference to any applications. When originally published, it was one of the earliest works in the field built on the axiomatic foundations introduced by A. Kolmogoroff in his book Grundbegriffe der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung, thus treating the subject as a branch of the theory of completely additive set functions. The author restricts himself to a consideration of probability distributions in spaces of a finite number of dimensions, and to problems connected with the Central Limit Theorem and some of its generalizations and modifications. In this edition the chapter on Liapounoff's theorem has been partly rewritten, and now includes a proof of the important inequality due to Berry and Esseen. The terminology has been modernized, and several minor changes have been made.
#40
The Lebesgue Integral
1951
Dr Burkill gives a straightforward introduction to Lebesgue's theory of integration. His approach is the classical one, making use of the concept of measure, and deriving the principal results required for applications of the theory.
#43
An Introduction to Homotopy Theory
1953
Since the introduction of homotopy groups by Hurewicz in 1935, homotopy theory has occupied a prominent place in the development of algebraic topology. This monograph provides an account of the subject which bridges the gap between the fundamental concepts of topology and the more complex treatment to be found in original papers. The first six chapters describe the essential ideas of homotopy theory: homotopy groups, the classical theorems, the exact homotopy sequence, fibre-spaces, the Hopf invariant, and the Freudenthal suspension. The final chapters discuss J. H. C. Whitehead's cell-complexes and their application to homotopy groups of complexes.
#47
Convexity
1958
This account of convexity includes the basic properties of convex sets in Euclidean space and their applications, the theory of convex functions and an outline of the results of transformations and combinations of convex sets. It will be useful for those concerned with the many applications of convexity in economics, the theory of games, the theory of functions, topology, geometry and the theory of numbers.
#49
Integral Equations
2009
This tract is devoted to the theory of linear equations, mainly of the second kind, associated with the names of Volterra, Fredholm, Hilbert and Schmidt. The treatment has been modernised by the systematic use of the Lebesgue integral, which considerably widens the range of applicability of the theory. Special attention is paid to the singular functions of non-symmetric kernels and to obtaining as strong results as possible for the convergence of the expansions in infinite series. References are given to work on numerical methods of solution. Individual chapters deal with the resolvent kernel and the Neumann series, the Fredholm theorems, orthonormal systems of functions, the classical Fredholm theory, the Fred-holm formulae for ß2 kernels, Hermitian kernels, singular functions and singular values.
#52
Fourier Transforms
2009
This tract gives a clear exposition of the elementary theory of Fourier transforms, so arranged as to give easy access to the recently developed abstract theory of Fourier transforms on a locally compact group. (This latter subject has important applications to the general treatment of unitary representations of the rotation group, the Lorentz group and other classical groups that is of value in quantum field theory and other branches of mathematical physics.) A knowledge of Lebesgue integration and, in one chapter, of Riemann-Stieltjes integration is assumed; the results needed are all stated in the introductory chapter.
#53
Topological Vector Spaces
1980
#57
Metric Spaces
1968
Metric space topology, as the generalization to abstract spaces of the theory of sets of points on a line or in a plane, unifies many branches of classical analysis and is necessary introduction to functional analysis. Professor Copson's book, which is based on lectures given to third-year undergraduates at the University of St Andrews, provides a more leisurely treatment of metric spaces than is found in books on functional analysis, which are usually written at graduate student level. His presentation is aimed at the applications of the theory to classical algebra and analysis; in particular, the chapter on contraction mappings shows how it provides proof of many of the existence theorems in classical analysis.
#60
Miniquaternion Geometry
An Introduction to the Study of Projective Planes
1971
This tract provides an introduction to four finite geometrical systems and to the theory of projective planes. Of the four geometries, one is based on a nine-element field and the other three can be constructed from the nine-element 'miniquaternion algebra', a simple system which has many though not all the properties of a field. The three systems based on the miniquaternion algebra have widely differing properties; none of them has the homogeneity of structure which characterizes geometry over a field. While these four geometries are the main subject of this book, many of the ideas developed are of much more general significance. The authors have assumed a knowledge of the simpler properties of groups, fields, matrices and transformations (mappings), such as is contained in a first course in abstract algebra. Development of the nine-element field and the miniquaternion system from a prescribed set of properties of the operations of addition and multiplication are covered in an introductory chapter. Exercises of varying difficulty are integrated with the text.
#69
Simple Noetherian Rings
1975
This work specifically surveys simple Noetherian rings. The authors present theorems on the structure of simple right Noetherian rings and, more generally, on simple rings containing a uniform right ideal U. The text is as elementary and self-contained as practicable, and the little background required in homological and categorical algebra is given in a short appendix. Full definitions are given and short, complete, elementary proofs are provided for such key theorems as the Morita theorem, the Correspondence theorem, the Wedderburn–Artin theorem, the Goldie–Lesieur–Croisot theorem, and many others. Complex mathematical machinery has been eliminated wherever possible or its introduction into the text delayed as long as possible. (Even tensor products are not required until Chapter 3.)
#72
Completeness and Basis Properties of Sets of Special Functions
1977
This tract presents an exposition of methods for testing sets of special functions for completeness and basis properties, mostly in L2 and L2 spaces. The first chapter contains the theoretical background to the subject, largely in a general Hilbert space setting, and theorems in which the structure of Hilbert space is revealed by properties of its bases are dealt with. Later parts of the book deal with for example, the Vitali criterion, together with its generalisations and applications, is discussed in some detail, and there is an introduction to the theory of stability of bases. The last chapter deals with complete sets as eigenfunctions of differential and a table of a wide variety of bases and complete sets of special functions. Dr Higgins' account will be useful to graduate students of mathematics and professional mathematicians, especially Banach spaces. The emphasis on methods of testing and their applications will also interest scientists and engineers engaged in fields such as the sampling theory of signals in electrical engineering and boundary value problems in mathematical physics.
#77
Approaches to the Theory of Optimization
1980
Optimization is concerned with finding the best (optimal) solution to mathematical problems that may arise in economics, engineering, the social sciences and the mathematical sciences. As is suggested by its title, this book surveys various ways of penetrating the subject. The author begins with a selection of the type of problem to which optimization can be applied and the remainder of the book develops the theory, mainly from the viewpoint of mathematical programming. To prevent the treatment becoming too abstract, subjects which may be considered 'unpractical' are not touched upon. The author gives plausible reasons, without forsaking rigor, to show how the subject develops 'naturally'. Professor Ponstein has provided a concise account of optimization which should be readily accessible to anyone with a basic understanding of topology and functional analysis. Advanced students and professionals concerned with operations research, optimal control and mathematical programming will welcome this useful and interesting book.
#82
Polycyclic Groups
1983
The theory of polycyclic groups is a branch of infinite group theory which has a rather different flavour from the rest of that subject. This book is a comprehensive account of the present state of this theory. As well as providing a connected and self-contained account of the group-theoretical background, it explains in detail how deep methods of number theory and algebraic group theory have been used to achieve some very recent and rather spectacular advances in the subject. Up to now, most of this material has only been available in scattered research journals, and some of it is new. This book is the only unified account of these developments, and will be of interest to mathematicians doing research in algebra, and to postgraduate students studying that subject.
#86
Fredholm Theory in Banach Spaces
1986
In this tract, Dr Ruston presents analogues for operators on Banach spaces of Fredholm's solution of integral equations of the second kind. Much of the presentation is based on research carried out over the last twenty-five years and has never appeared in book form before. Dr Ruston begins with the construction for operators of finite rank, using Fredholm's original method as a guide. He then considers formulae that have structure similar to those obtained by Fredholm, using, and developing further, the relationship with Riesz theory. In particular, he obtains bases for the finite-dimensional subspaces figuring in the Riesz theory. Finally he returns to the study of specific constructions for various classes of operators. Dr Ruston has made every effort to keep the presentation as elementary as possible, using arguments that do not require a very advanced background. Thus the book can be read with profit by graduate students as well as specialists working in the general area of functional analysis and its applications.
#112
Schur Algebras and Representation Theory
1994
Schur algebras are an algebraic system that provide a link between the representation theory of the symmetric and general linear groups. Dr. Martin gives a self-contained account of this algebra and those links, covering the basic ideas and their quantum analogues. He discusses not only the usual representation-theoretic topics (such as constructions of irreducible modules, the structure of blocks containing them, decomposition numbers and so on) but also the intrinsic properties of Schur algebras, leading to a discussion of their cohomology theory. He also investigates the relationship between Schur algebras and other algebraic structures. Throughout, the approach uses combinatorial language where possible, thereby making the presentation accessible to graduate students. Some topics require results from algebraic group theory, which are contained in an appendix.
#117
Generalized Topological Degree and Semilinear Equations
1995
This book describes many new results and extensions of the theory of generalized topological degree for densely defined A-proper operators and presents important applications, particularly to boundary value problems of nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations that are intractable under any other existing theory. A-proper mappings arise naturally in the solution to an equation in infinite dimensional space via the finite dimensional approximation. The theory subsumes classical theory involving compact vector fields as well as the more recent theories of condensing vector-fields, strongly monotone, and strongly accretive maps. Researchers and graduate students in mathematics, applied mathematics, and physics who make use of nonlinear analysis will find this an important resource for new techniques.
#120
Function Spaces, Entropy Numbers, Differential Operators
1996
The distribution of the eigenvalues of differential operators has long fascinated mathematicians. Recent advances have shed new light on classical problems in this area, and this book presents a fresh approach, largely based on the results of the authors. The emphasis here is on a topic of central importance in analysis, namely the relationship between i) function spaces on Euclidean n-space and on domains; ii) entropy numbers in quasi-Banach spaces; and iii) the distribution of the eigenvalues of degenerate elliptic (pseudo) differential operators. The treatment is largely self-contained and accessible to nonspecialists.
#122
Duality in Analytic Number Theory
1997
In this stimulating book, Elliott demonstrates a method and a motivating philosophy that combine to cohere a large part of analytic number theory, including the hitherto nebulous study of arithmetic functions. Besides its application, the book also illustrates a way of thinking The author weaves historical background into the narrative, while variant proofs illustrate obstructions, false steps and the development of insight in a manner reminiscent of Euler. He demonstrates how to formulate theorems as well as how to construct their proofs. Elementary notions from functional analysis, Fourier analysis, functional equations, and stability in mechanics are controlled by a geometric view and synthesized to provide an arithmetical analogue of classical harmonic analysis that is powerful enough to establish arithmetic propositions previously beyond reach. Connections with other branches of analysis are illustrated by over 250 exercises, topically arranged.
#124
3-Transposition Groups
2009
In 1970 Bernd Fischer proved his beautiful theorem classifying the almost simple groups generated by 3-transpositions, and in the process discovered three new sporadic groups, now known as the Fischer groups. Since then, the theory of 3-transposition groups has become an important part of finite simple group theory, but Fischer's work has remained unpublished. 3-Transposition Groups contains the first published proof of Fischer's Theorem, written out completely in one place. Fischer's result, while important and deep (covering a number of complex examples), can be understood by any student with some knowledge of elementary group theory and finite geometry. Part I of this book has minimal prerequisites and could be used as a text for an intermediate level graduate course; parts II and III are aimed at specialists in finite groups.
#127
Spectral Theory of the Riemann Zeta-Function
1997
This ground-breaking work combines the classic (the zeta-function) with the modern (the spectral theory) to create a comprehensive but elementary treatment of spectral resolution. The story starts with a basic but unabridged treatment of the spectral resolution of the non-Euclidean Laplacian and the trace formulas. The author achieves this by the use of standard tools from analysis rather than any heavy machinery, forging a substantial aid for beginners in spectral theory. These ideas are then utilized to unveil a new image of the zeta-function, revealing it as the main gem of a necklace composed of all automorphic L-functions. In this book readers will find a detailed account of one of the most fascinating stories in the recent development of number theory. Mathematics specialists and researchers will find this a fascinating work.
#136
Character Sums with Exponential Functions and their Applications
1995
The theme of this book is the study of the distribution of integer powers modulo a prime number. It provides numerous new, sometimes quite unexpected, links between number theory and computer science as well as to other areas of mathematics. Possible applications include (but are not limited to) complexity theory, random number generation, cryptography, and coding theory. The main method discussed is based on bounds of exponential sums. Accordingly, the book contains many estimates of such sums, including new estimates of classical Gaussian sums. It also contains many open questions and proposals for further research.
#137
Metric Diophantine Approximation on Manifolds
2012
This volume explores Diophantine approximation on smooth manifolds embedded in Euclidean space, developing a coherent body of theory comparable to that of classical Diophantine approximation. In particular, the book deals with Khintchine-type theorems and with the Hausdorff dimension of the associated null sets. After setting out the necessary background material, the authors give a full discussion of Hausdorff dimension and its uses in Diophantine approximation. They employ a wide range of techniques from the number theory arsenal to obtain the upper and lower bounds required, highlighting the difficulty of some of the questions considered. The authors then go on to consider briefly the p-adic case, and conclude with a chapter on some applications of metric Diophantine approximation. All researchers with an interest in Diophantine approximation will want to have this book in their personal libraries.
#138
Random Walks on Infinite Graphs and Groups
2000
This eminent work focuses on the interplay between the behavior of random walks and discrete structure theory. Wolfgang Woess considers Markov chains whose state space is equipped with the structure of an infinite, locally-finite graph, or of a finitely generated group. He assumes the transition probabilities are adapted to the underlying structure in some way that must be specified precisely in each case. He also explores the impact the particular type of structure has on various aspects of the behavior of the random walk. In addition, the author shows how random walks are useful tools for classifying, or at least describing, the structure of graphs and groups.
#140
Derivation and Integration
2001
This book, devoted to an invariant multidimensional process of recovering a function from its derivative, considers additive functions defined on the family of all bounded BV sets that are continuous with respect to a suitable topology. The main applications are related to the Gauss-Green and Stokes theorems. The book contains complete and detailed proofs of all new results, and of many known results for which the references are not easily available. It will provide valuable information to research mathematicians and advanced graduate students interested in geometric integration and related areas.
#144
Torsors and Rational Points
2001
The subject of this book is arithmetic algebraic geometry, an area between number theory and algebraic geometry. It is about applying geometric methods to the study of polynomial equations in rational numbers (Diophantine equations). This book represents the first complete and coherent exposition in a single volume, of both the theory and applications of torsors to rational points. Some very recent material is included. It is demonstrated that torsors provide a unified approach to several branches of the theory which were hitherto developing in parallel.
#154
Finite Packing and Covering
2004
This book provides an in-depth, state-of-the-art discussion of the theory of finite packings and coverings by convex bodies. It contains various new results and arguments, collects other key data scattered about the literature, and provides a comprehensive treatment of problems whose interplay was not clearly understood prior to this text. Arrangements of congruent convex bodies in Euclidean space are covered, and the density of finite packing and covering by balls in Euclidean, spherical and hyperbolic spaces is considered.
#158
Quasi-Frobenius Rings
1999
This book provides an elementary, complete account of quasi-Frobenius rings at a level allowing researchers and graduate students to gain entry to the field. A ring is called quasi-Frobenius if it is "right" or "left" selfinjective, and "right" or "left" artinian (all four combinations are equivalent). The study of these rings grew out of the theory of representations of a finite group as a group of matrices over a field, and the present extent of the theory is wide-ranging.
#160
Approximation by Algebraic Numbers
2004
To help the reader access the current state of research in this branch of number theory, Yann Bugeaud combines the most important results previously scattered throughout the research literature and also includes a number of significant open questions. Although written for graduates who wish to pursue research, the collection will also be an invaluable reference work for established researchers.
#163
Linear and Projective Representations of Symmetric Groups
2005
The representation theory of symmetric groups is one of the most beautiful, popular, and important parts of algebra with many deep relations to other areas of mathematics, such as combinatorics, Lie theory, and algebraic geometry. Kleshchev describes a new approach to the subject, based on the recent work of Lascoux, Leclerc, Thibon, Ariki, Grojnowski, Brundan, and the author. Much of this work has only appeared in the research literature before. However, to make it accessible to graduate students, the theory is developed from scratch, the only prerequisite being a standard course in abstract algebra. Branching rules are built in from the outset resulting in an explanation and generalization of the link between modular branching rules and crystal graphs for affine Kac-Moody algebras. The methods are purely algebraic, exploiting affine and cyclotomic Hecke algebras. For the first time in book form, the projective (or spin) representation theory is treated along the same lines as linear representation theory. The author is mainly concerned with modular representation theory, although everything works in arbitrary characteristic, and in case of characteristic 0 the approach is somewhat similar to the theory of Okounkov and Vershik, described here in chapter 2. For the sake of transparency, Kleshschev concentrates on symmetric and spin-symmetric groups, though the methods he develops are quite general and apply to a number of related objects. In sum, this unique book will be welcomed by graduate students and researchers as a modern account of the subject.
#165
Projective Differential Geometry Old and New
From the Schwarzian Derivative to the Cohomology of Diffeomorphism Groups
2004
Ideas of projective geometry keep reappearing in seemingly unrelated fields of mathematics. This book provides a rapid route for graduate students and researchers to contemplate the frontiers of contemporary research in this classic subject. The authors include exercises and historical and cultural comments relating the basic ideas to a broader context.
#166
Analytic Theory of Automorphic Forms
2025
#167
Poincaré Duality Algebras, Macaulay's Dual Systems, and Steenrod Operations
2001
Poincaré duality algebras originated in the work of topologists on the cohomology of closed manifolds, and Macaulay's dual systems in the study of irreducible ideals in polynomial algebras. These two ideas are tied together using basic commutative algebra involving Gorenstein algebras. Steenrod operations also originated in algebraic topology, but may best be viewed as a means of encoding the information often hidden behind the Frobenius map in characteristic p<>0. They provide a noncommutative tool to study commutative algebras over a Galois field. In this Tract the authors skilfully bring together these ideas and apply them to problems in invariant theory. A number of remarkable and unexpected interdisciplinary connections are revealed that will interest researchers in the areas of commutative algebra, invariant theory or algebraic topology.
#168
THE SEIFERT CONJECTURE
Dynamical Systems With and Without Orbits
2025
#169
Quantum Stochastic Processes and Noncommutative Geometry
2007
The classical theory of stochastic processes has important applications arising from the need to describe irreversible evolutions in classical mechanics; analogously quantum stochastic processes can be used to model the dynamics of irreversible quantum systems. Noncommutative, i.e. quantum, geometry provides a framework in which quantum stochastic structures can be explored. This book is the first to describe how these two mathematical constructions are related. In particular, key ideas of semigroups and complete positivity are combined to yield quantum dynamical semigroups (QDS). Sinha and Goswami also develop a general theory of Evans-Hudson dilation for both bounded and unbounded coefficients. The unique features of the book, including the interaction of QDS and quantum stochastic calculus with noncommutative geometry and a thorough discussion of this calculus with unbounded coefficients, will make it of interest to graduate students and researchers in functional analysis, probability and mathematical physics.
#170
Polynomials and Vanishing Cycles
2007
The behaviour of vanishing cycles is the cornerstone for understanding the geometry and topology of families of hypersurfaces, usually regarded as singular fibrations. This self-contained tract proposes a systematic geometro-topological approach to vanishing cycles, especially those appearing in non-proper fibrations, such as the fibration defined by a polynomial function. Topics which have been the object of active research over the past 15 years, such as holomorphic germs, polynomial functions, and Lefschetz pencils on quasi-projective spaces, are here shown in a new conceived as aspects of a single theory with vanishing cycles at its core. Throughout the book the author presents the current state of the art. Transparent proofs are provided so that non-specialists can use this book as an introduction, but all researchers and graduate students working in differential and algebraic topology, algebraic geometry, and singularity theory will find this book of great use.
#172
Rigid Cohomology
2007
Dating back to work of Berthelot, rigid cohomology appeared as a common generalization of Monsky-Washnitzer cohomology and crystalline cohomology. It is a p-adic Weil cohomology suitable for computing Zeta and L-functions for algebraic varieties on finite fields. Moreover, it is effective, in the sense that it gives algorithms to compute the number of rational points of such varieties. This is the first book to give a complete treatment of the theory, from full discussion of all the basics to descriptions of the very latest developments. Results and proofs are included that are not available elsewhere, local computations are explained, and many worked examples are given. This accessible tract will be of interest to researchers working in arithmetic geometry, p-adic cohomology theory, and related cryptographic areas.
#175
The Large Sieve and its Applications
Arithmetic Geometry, Random Walks and Discrete Groups
2008
Among the modern methods used to study prime numbers, the ‘sieve’ has been one of the most efficient. Originally conceived by Linnik in 1941, the ‘large sieve’ has developed extensively since the 1960s, with a recent realization that the underlying principles were capable of applications going well beyond prime number theory. This book develops a general form of sieve inequality, and describes its varied applications, including the study of families of zeta functions of algebraic curves over finite fields; arithmetic properties of characteristic polynomials of random unimodular matrices; homological properties of random 3-manifolds; and the average number of primes dividing the denominators of rational points on elliptic curves. Also covered in detail are the tools of harmonic analysis used to implement the forms of the large sieve inequality, including the Riemann Hypothesis over finite fields, and Property (T) or Property (tau) for discrete groups.
#179
Dynamics of Linear Operators
2005
The dynamics of linear operators is a young and rapidly evolving branch of functional analysis. In this book, which focuses on hypercyclicity and supercyclicity, the authors assemble the wide body of theory that has received much attention over the last fifteen years and present it for the first time in book form. Selected topics include various kinds of ‘existence theorems’, the role of connectedness in hypercyclicity, linear dynamics and ergodic theory, frequently hypercyclic and chaotic operators, hypercyclic subspaces, the angle criterion, universality of the Riemann zeta function, and an introduction to operators without non-trivial invariant subspaces. Many original results are included, along with important simplifications of proofs from the existing research literature, making this an invaluable guide for students of the subject. This book will be useful for researchers in operator theory, but also accessible to anyone with a reasonable background in functional analysis at the graduate level.
#180
Synthetic Geometry of Manifolds (Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics, Vol. 180)
2009
This elegant book is sure to become the standard introduction to synthetic differential geometry. It deals with some classical spaces in differential geometry, namely ‘prolongation spaces’ or neighborhoods of the diagonal. These spaces enable a natural description of some of the basic constructions in local differential geometry and, in fact, form an inviting gateway to differential geometry, and also to some differential-geometric notions that exist in algebraic geometry. The presentation conveys the real strength of this approach to differential geometry. Concepts are clarified, proofs are streamlined, and the focus on infinitesimal spaces motivates the discussion well. Some of the specific differential-geometric theories dealt with are connection theory (notably affine connections), geometric distributions, differential forms, jet bundles, differentiable groupoids, differential operators, Riemannian metrics, and harmonic maps. Ideal for graduate students and researchers wishing to familiarize themselves with the field.
#181
Totally Positive Matrices
2009
Totally positive matrices constitute a particular class of matrices, the study of which was initiated by analysts because of its many applications in diverse areas. This account of the subject is comprehensive and thorough, with careful treatment of the central properties of totally positive matrices, full proofs and a complete bibliography. The history of the subject is also described: in particular, the book ends with a tribute to the four people who have made the most notable contributions to the history of total positivity: I. J. Schoenberg, M. G. Krein, F. R. Gantmacher and S. Karlin. This monograph will appeal to those with an interest in matrix theory, to those who use or have used total positivity, and to anyone who wishes to learn about this rich and interesting subject.
#182
Nonlinear Markov Processes and Kinetic Equations
2010
A nonlinear Markov evolution is a dynamical system generated by a measure-valued ordinary differential equation with the specific feature of preserving positivity. This feature distinguishes it from general vector-valued differential equations and yields a natural link with probability, both in interpreting results and in the tools of analysis. This brilliant book, the first devoted to the area, develops this interplay between probability and analysis. After systematically presenting both analytic and probabilistic techniques, the author uses probability to obtain deeper insight into nonlinear dynamics, and analysis to tackle difficult problems in the description of random and chaotic behavior. The book addresses the most fundamental questions in the theory of nonlinear Markov processes: existence, uniqueness, constructions, approximation schemes, regularity, law of large numbers and probabilistic interpretations. Its careful exposition makes the book accessible to researchers and graduate students in stochastic and functional analysis with applications to mathematical physics and systems biology.
#183
Period Domains Over Finite and P-Adic Fields
2010
This book is, on the one hand, a pedagogical introduction to the formalism of slopes, of semi-stability and of related concepts in the simplest possible context. It is therefore accessible to any graduate student with a basic knowledge in algebraic geometry and algebraic groups. On the other hand, the book also provides a thorough introduction to the basics of period domains, as they appear in the geometric approach to local Langlands correspondences and in the recent conjectural p-adic local Langlands program. The authors provide numerous worked examples and establish many connections to topics in the general area of algebraic groups over finite and local fields. In addition, the end of each section includes remarks on open questions, historical context and references to the literature.
#184
Algebraic Theories
A Categorical Introduction to General Algebra
2010
Algebraic theories, introduced as a concept in the 1960s, have been a fundamental step towards a categorical view of general algebra. Moreover, they have proved very useful in various areas of mathematics and computer science. This carefully developed book gives a systematic introduction to algebra based on algebraic theories that is accessible to both graduate students and researchers. It will facilitate interactions of general algebra, category theory and computer science. A central concept is that of sifted colimits – that is, those commuting with finite products in sets. The authors prove the duality between algebraic categories and algebraic theories and discuss Morita equivalence between algebraic theories. They also pay special attention to one-sorted algebraic theories and the corresponding concrete algebraic categories over sets, and to S-sorted algebraic theories, which are important in program semantics. The final chapter is devoted to finitary localizations of algebraic categories, a recent research area.
#186
Dimensions, Embeddings, and Attractors
2010
This accessible research monograph investigates how 'finite-dimensional' sets can be embedded into finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces. The first part brings together a number of abstract embedding results, and provides a unified treatment of four definitions of dimension that arise in disparate Lebesgue covering dimension (from classical 'dimension theory'), Hausdorff dimension (from geometric measure theory), upper box-counting dimension (from dynamical systems), and Assouad dimension (from the theory of metric spaces). These abstract embedding results are applied in the second part of the book to the finite-dimensional global attractors that arise in certain infinite-dimensional dynamical systems, deducing practical consequences from the existence of such a version of the Takens time-delay embedding theorem valid in spatially extended systems, and a result on parametrisation by point values. This book will appeal to all researchers with an interest in dimension theory, particularly those working in dynamical systems.
#187
Convexity
An Analytic Viewpoint
2011
Convexity is important in theoretical aspects of mathematics and also for economists and physicists. In this monograph the author provides a comprehensive insight into convex sets and functions including the infinite-dimensional case and emphasizing the analytic point of view. Chapter one introduces the reader to the basic definitions and ideas that play central roles throughout the book. The rest of the book is divided into four convexity and topology on infinite-dimensional spaces; Loewner's theorem; extreme points of convex sets and related issues, including the Krein–Milman theorem and Choquet theory; and a discussion of convexity and inequalities. The connections between disparate topics are clearly explained, giving the reader a thorough understanding of how convexity is useful as an analytic tool. A final chapter overviews the subject's history and explores further some of the themes mentioned earlier. This is an excellent resource for anyone interested in this central topic.
#188
Modern Approaches to the Invariant-Subspace Problem
2011
One of the major unsolved problems in operator theory is the fifty-year-old invariant subspace problem, which asks whether every bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space has a nontrivial closed invariant subspace. This book presents some of the major results in the area, including many that were derived within the past few years and cannot be found in other books. Beginning with a preliminary chapter containing the necessary pure mathematical background, the authors present a variety of powerful techniques, including the use of the operator-valued Poisson kernel, various forms of the functional calculus, Hardy spaces, fixed point theorems, minimal vectors, universal operators and moment sequences. The subject is presented at a level accessible to postgraduate students, as well as established researchers. It will be of particular interest to those who study linear operators and also to those who work in other areas of pure mathematics.
#189
Nonlinear Perron-Frobenius Theory (Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics) by Bas Lemmens
2011
In the past several decades the classical Perron-Frobenius theory for nonnegative matrices has been extended to obtain remarkably precise and beautiful results for classes of nonlinear maps. This nonlinear Perron-Frobenius theory has found significant uses in computer science, mathematical biology, game theory and the study of dynamical systems. This is the first comprehensive and unified introduction to nonlinear Perron-Frobenius theory suitable for graduate students and researchers entering the field for the first time. It acquaints the reader with recent developments and provides a guide to challenging open problems. To enhance accessibility, the focus is on finite dimensional nonlinear Perron-Frobenius theory, but pointers are provided to infinite dimensional results. Prerequisites are little more than basic real analysis and topology.
#190
Jordan Structures in Geometry and Analysis
2011
Jordan theory has developed rapidly in the last three decades, but very few books describe its diverse applications. Here, the author discusses some recent advances of Jordan theory in differential geometry, complex and functional analysis, with the aid of numerous examples and concise historical notes. These include: the connection between Jordan and Lie theory via the Tits–Kantor–Koecher construction of Lie algebras; a Jordan algebraic approach to infinite dimensional symmetric manifolds including Riemannian symmetric spaces; the one-to-one correspondence between bounded symmetric domains and JB\-triples; and applications of Jordan methods in complex function theory. The basic structures and some functional analytic properties of JB\-triples are also discussed. The book is a convenient reference for experts in complex geometry or functional analysis, as well as an introduction to these areas for beginning researchers. The recent applications of Jordan theory discussed in the book should also appeal to algebraists.
#191
Malliavin Calculus for Lévy Processes and Infinite-Dimensional Brownian Motion
2012
Assuming only basic knowledge of probability theory and functional analysis, this book provides a self-contained introduction to Malliavin calculus and infinite-dimensional Brownian motion. In an effort to demystify a subject thought to be difficult, it exploits the framework of nonstandard analysis, which allows infinite-dimensional problems to be treated as finite-dimensional. The result is an intuitive, indeed enjoyable, development of both Malliavin calculus and nonstandard analysis. The main aspects of stochastic analysis and Malliavin calculus are incorporated into this simplifying framework. Topics covered include Brownian motion, Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes both with values in abstract Wiener spaces, Lévy processes, multiple stochastic integrals, chaos decomposition, Malliavin derivative, Clark–Ocone formula, Skorohod integral processes and Girsanov transformations. The careful exposition, which is neither too abstract nor too theoretical, makes this book accessible to graduate students, as well as to researchers interested in the techniques.
#193
Distribution Modulo One and Diophantine Approximation
2012
This book presents state-of-the-art research on the distribution modulo one of sequences of integral powers of real numbers and related topics. Most of the results have never before appeared in one book and many of them were proved only during the last decade. Topics covered include the distribution modulo one of the integral powers of 3/2 and the frequency of occurrence of each digit in the decimal expansion of the square root of two. The author takes a point of view from combinatorics on words and introduces a variety of techniques, including explicit constructions of normal numbers, Schmidt's games, Riesz product measures and transcendence results. With numerous exercises, the book is ideal for graduate courses on Diophantine approximation or as an introduction to distribution modulo one for non-experts. Specialists will appreciate the inclusion of over 50 open problems and the rich and comprehensive bibliography of over 700 references.
#194
Mathematics of Two-Dimensional Turbulence
2012
This book is dedicated to the mathematical study of two-dimensional statistical hydrodynamics and turbulence, described by the 2D Navier–Stokes system with a random force. The authors' main goal is to justify the statistical properties of a fluid's velocity field u(t,x) that physicists assume in their work. They rigorously prove that u(t,x) converges, as time grows, to a statistical equilibrium, independent of initial data. They use this to study ergodic properties of u(t,x) – proving, in particular, that observables f(u(t,.)) satisfy the strong law of large numbers and central limit theorem. They also discuss the inviscid limit when viscosity goes to zero, normalising the force so that the energy of solutions stays constant, while their Reynolds numbers grow to infinity. They show that then the statistical equilibria converge to invariant measures of the 2D Euler equation and study these measures. The methods apply to other nonlinear PDEs perturbed by random forces.
#195
A Universal Construction for Groups Acting Freely on Real Trees
2012
The theory of R-trees is a well-established and important area of geometric group theory and in this book the authors introduce a construction that provides a new perspective on group actions on R-trees. They construct a group RF(G), equipped with an action on an R-tree, whose elements are certain functions from a compact real interval to the group G. They also study the structure of RF(G), including a detailed description of centralizers of elements and an investigation of its subgroups and quotients. Any group acting freely on an R-tree embeds in RF(G) for some choice of G. Much remains to be done to understand RF(G), and the extensive list of open problems included in an appendix could potentially lead to new methods for investigating group actions on R-trees, particularly free actions. This book will interest all geometric group theorists and model theorists whose research involves R-trees.
#196
The Theory of Hardy's Z-Function
2012
Hardy's Z-function, related to the Riemann zeta-function ζ(s), was originally utilised by G. H. Hardy to show that ζ(s) has infinitely many zeros of the form ½+it. It is now amongst the most important functions of analytic number theory, and the Riemann hypothesis, that all complex zeros lie on the line ½+it, is perhaps one of the best known and most important open problems in mathematics. Today Hardy's function has many applications; among others it is used for extensive calculations regarding the zeros of ζ(s). This comprehensive account covers many aspects of Z(t), including the distribution of its zeros, Gram points, moments and Mellin transforms. It features an extensive bibliography and end-of-chapter notes containing comments, remarks and references. The book also provides many open problems to stimulate readers interested in further research.
#197
Induced Representations of Locally Compact Groups
2012
The dual space of a locally compact group G consists of the equivalence classes of irreducible unitary representations of G. This book provides a comprehensive guide to the theory of induced representations and explains its use in describing the dual spaces for important classes of groups. It introduces various induction constructions and proves the core theorems on induced representations, including the fundamental imprimitivity theorem of Mackey and Blattner. An extensive introduction to Mackey analysis is applied to compute dual spaces for a wide variety of examples. Fell's contributions to understanding the natural topology on the dual are also presented. In the final two chapters, the theory is applied in a variety of settings including topological Frobenius properties and continuous wavelet transforms. This book will be useful to graduate students seeking to enter the area as well as experts who need the theory of unitary group representations in their research.
#198
Topics in Critical Point Theory
2012
This book introduces the reader to powerful methods of critical point theory and details successful contemporary approaches to many problems, some of which had proved resistant to attack by older methods. Topics covered include Morse theory, critical groups, the minimax principle, various notions of linking, jumping nonlinearities and the Fu k spectrum in an abstract setting, sandwich pairs and the cohomological index. Applications to semilinear elliptic boundary value problems, p-Laplacian problems and anisotropic systems are given. Written for graduate students and research scientists, the book includes numerous examples and presents more recent developments in the subject to bring the reader up to date with the latest research.
#199
Combinatorics of Minuscule Representations
2013
Minuscule representations occur in a variety of contexts in mathematics and physics. They are typically much easier to understand than representations in general, which means they give rise to relatively easy constructions of algebraic objects such as Lie algebras and Weyl groups. This book describes a combinatorial approach to minuscule representations of Lie algebras using the theory of heaps, which for most practical purposes can be thought of as certain labelled partially ordered sets. This leads to uniform constructions of (most) simple Lie algebras over the complex numbers and their associated Weyl groups, and provides a common framework for various applications. The topics studied include Chevalley bases, permutation groups, weight polytopes and finite geometries. Ideal as a reference, this book is also suitable for students with a background in linear and abstract algebra and topology. Each chapter concludes with historical notes, references to the literature and suggestions for further reading.
#200
Singularities of the Minimal Model Program
2013
This book gives a comprehensive treatment of the singularities that appear in the minimal model program and in the moduli problem for varieties. The study of these singularities and the development of Mori's program have been deeply intertwined. Early work on minimal models relied on detailed study of terminal and canonical singularities but many later results on log terminal singularities were obtained as consequences of the minimal model program. Recent work on the abundance conjecture and on moduli of varieties of general type relies on subtle properties of log canonical singularities and conversely, the sharpest theorems about these singularities use newly developed special cases of the abundance problem. This book untangles these interwoven threads, presenting a self-contained and complete theory of these singularities, including many previously unpublished results.
#201
Song of Metamoris
A story that remains of a people who passed this way
2013
Hardcover book
#202
Canonical Ramsey Theory on Polish Spaces
2013
This book lays the foundations for an exciting new area of research in descriptive set theory. It develops a robust connection between two active forcing and analytic equivalence relations. This in turn allows the authors to develop a generalization of classical Ramsey theory. Given an analytic equivalence relation on a Polish space, can one find a large subset of the space on which it has a simple form? The book provides many positive and negative general answers to this question. The proofs feature proper forcing and Gandy-Harrington forcing, as well as partition arguments. The results include strong canonization theorems for many classes of equivalence relations and sigma-ideals, as well as ergodicity results in cases where canonization theorems are impossible to achieve. Ideal for graduate students and researchers in set theory, the book provides a useful springboard for further research.
#204
Group Cohomology and Algebraic Cycles
2014
Group cohomology reveals a deep relationship between algebra and topology, and its recent applications have provided important insights into the Hodge conjecture and algebraic geometry more broadly. This book presents a coherent suite of computational tools for the study of group cohomology and algebraic cycles. Early chapters synthesize background material from topology, algebraic geometry, and commutative algebra so readers do not have to form connections between the literatures on their own. Later chapters demonstrate Peter Symonds' influential proof of David Benson's regularity conjecture, offering several new variants and improvements. Complete with concrete examples and computations throughout, and a list of open problems for further study, this book will be valuable to graduate students and researchers in algebraic geometry and related fields.
Authors
C.T.C. Wall
Author · 1 books
Charles Terence Clegg ("Terry") Wall C.T.C. Wall mathematician
Karoly Boroczky Jr.
Author · 1 books
Károly Böröczky
Barry Simon
Author · 2 books
Barry Simon is an eminent American mathematical physicist and the IBM Professor of Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (Emeritus) at Caltech, known for his prolific contributions in spectral theory, functional analysis, and nonrelativistic quantum mechanics (particularly Schrödinger operators), including the connections to atomic and molecular physics. He has authored more than 300 publications on mathematics and physics. More particularly, his work has focused on broad areas of mathematical physics and analysis covering: quantum field theory, statistical mechanics, Brownian motion, random matrix theory, general nonrelativistic quantum mechanics (including N-body systems and resonances), nonrelativistic quantum mechanics in electric and magnetic fields, the semi-classical limit, the singular continuous spectrum, random and ergodic Schrödinger operators, orthogonal polynomials, and non-selfadjoint spectral theory. Dr. Simon is a fellow of the American Mathematical Society (2012), a winner of the Henri Poincaré Prize (2012), a winner of the János Bolyai International Mathematical Prize (2015), a winner of the 2016 Steele Prize for Lifetime Achievement, and a winner of the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics (2018).
Milford E. Anness
Author · 1 books
Milford was a lawyer and lived in Columbus, Indiana retiring from his law practice in 1983. He spent a lot of time in Metamora and had a hardware store business for ten years there by the Whitewater Canal. He was deeply involved with preserving the history of this area of Indiana and wrote two books, "The Song of Metamoris" and "Forever the Song" both books rich in Indiana history. He also wrote a book, "Stars Over America" which dealt with the inner workings of government and even had a chapter concerning the government's handling (or mishandling) of the UFO phenomenom. He served in the Indiana Senate, a Republican, from 1946 to 1955 and was judge of Fayette Circuit Court from 1955 to 1962. He served as a trustee for the Cincinnati Bible Seminary thirty years and was director of Central Africa Churches of Christ Missions. Milford was a World War II veteran and served in the South Pacific Theater from 1943-45.
