Para Marina Tsvietáieva en el amor no existían leyes; iba allí donde la llevaba la pulsión. Y el amor era pasión, desmesura; necesitaba estar en estado de amor. Cuando surgía, fuese hombre o mujer quien lo desencadenase, se lanzaba al abismo sin miedo. Una de sus pasiones más vivas y dolorosas fue la que vivió con la poeta Sofía Parnok, que le inspiró el ciclo de poemas «La amiga» y, a su muerte, la Carta a la Amazona, dirigida a Natalie Clifford-Barney y escrita entre 1932 y 1934. A su vez, la relación amorosa con un editor ruso exiliado en Berlín, Abraham Vishniak, le inspiró una pequeña novela en forma epistolar, Las noches florentinas, en que expresó el trayecto y las fases de un amor entre hombre y mujer. Fue la propia Marina Tsvietáieva quien quiso ver reunidos en un mismo volumen estos dos escritos en los que pretendía demostrar la fatalidad irrefutable de la no correspondencia del amor humano, ya se tratase del amor por un hombre o por una mujer. Completan estos dos textos, redactados por su autora originalmente en francés, los poemas que escribió en esta misma lengua, y que han sido recreados en versos españoles para esta edición por Severo Sarduy. La Introducción de Elizabeth Burgos y los dos epílogos de Hélène Cixous aclaran aspectos fundamentales de la vida y la obra de Marina Tsvietáieva (1892-1941), una de las autoras rusas fundamentales de nuestro siglo.
Authors
Марина Цветаева Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva was born in Moscow. Her father, Ivan Tsvetaev, was a professor of art history and the founder of the Museum of Fine Arts. Her mother Mariya, née Meyn, was a talented concert pianist. The family travelled a great deal and Tsvetaeva attended schools in Switzerland, Germany, and at the Sorbonne, Paris. Tsvetaeva started to write verse in her early childhood. She made her debut as a poet at the age of 18 with the collection Evening Album, a tribute to her childhood. In 1912 Tsvetaeva married Sergei Efron, they had two daughters and one son. Magic Lantern showed her technical mastery and was followed in 1913 by a selection of poems from her first collections. Tsvetaeva's affair with the poet and opera librettist Sofiia Parnok inspired her cycle of poems called Girlfriend. Parnok's career stopped in the late 1920s when she was no longer allowed to publish. The poems composed between 1917 and 1921 appeared in 1957 under the title The Demesne of the Swans. Inspired by her relationship with Konstantin Rodzevich, an ex-Red Army officer she wrote Poem of the Mountain and Poem of the End. After 1917 Revolution Tsvetaeva was trapped in Moscow for five years. During the famine one of her own daughters died of starvation. Tsvetaeva's poetry reveals her growing interest in folk song and the techniques of the major symbolist and poets, such as Aleksander Blok and Anna Akhmatova. In 1922 Tsvetaeva emigrated with her family to Berlin, where she rejoined her husband, and then to Prague. This was a highly productive period in her life - she published five collections of verse and a number of narrative poems, plays, and essays. During her years in Paris Tsvetaeva wrote two parts of the planned dramatic trilogy. The last collection published during her lifetime, After Russia, appeared in 1928. Its print, 100 numbered copies, were sold by special subscription. In Paris the family lived in poverty, the income came almost entirely from Tsvetaeva's writings. When her husband started to work for the Soviet security service, the Russian community of Paris turned against Tsvetaeva. Her limited publishing ways for poetry were blocked and she turned to prose. In 1937 appeared MOY PUSHKIN, one of Tsvetaeva's best prose works. To earn extra income, she also produced short stories, memoirs and critical articles. In exile Tsvetaeva felt more and more isolated. Friendless and almost destitute she returned to the Soviet Union in 1938, where her son and husband already lived. Next year her husband was executed and her daughter was sent to a labor camp. Tsvetaeva was officially ostracized and unable to publish. After the USSR was invaded by German Army in 1941, Tsvetaeva was evacuated to the small provincial town of Elabuga with her son. In despair, she hanged herself ten days later on August 31, 1941. source: http://www.poemhunter.com/marina-ivan...
