Tra le figure più spaventose che popolano la nostra immaginazione, è assai raro trovarne di potenti e segnanti quanto quella del Vampiro, un essere capace di far scorrere tanto sangue quanto inchiostro sulle pagine che lo hanno immortalato. Infatti grande merito di questa spaventosa quanto legittima popolarità è indubbiamente della Letteratura che, affondando i suoi aguzzi canini nella cronaca e nella leggenda popolare, a partire dal 1600 ha saputo nutrire la propria immaginazione per dare vita immortale a una figura di una forza tale da imprimersi indelebilmente nell’immaginario collettivo. È precisamente in questa chiave che si vuole sviluppare questa selezione, offrendo al lettore un'alternanza di documenti e racconti, così che si possa proporre un confronto tra la figura che il folklore e la tradizione orale hanno marchiato nella coscienza popolare e quella che la Letteratura ha saputo cogliere e modellare, in particolare nella narrativa breve a cavallo tra '800 e '900. Senza pretesa di esaurire l'argomento, Draculea vuole essere un'introduzione alla figura del Vampiro, evidenziando attraverso documenti e racconti le differenze tra vampirismo storico e figura letteraria, analizzando le fonti - prototipi apparentemente distanti dall'immagine più moderna sebbene indiziati chiave di primo Vampirismo come Arnold Paole, Peter Plogojowitz, Johannes Cuntius e il Calzolaio di Slesia; cronache antiche di inizio millennio di William of Newburgh; suggestioni esotiche spinte fino al lontano Oriente - e al tempo stesso offrendo al lettore una selezione di racconti meno noti al pubblico italiano ma di certo impatto e importanza, sia da un punto di vista letterario che per la costruzione della figura archetipica e delle variazioni sul modello principe. Questo libro vuole essere un viaggio trasversale, ci muoveremo nel tempo attraverso pagine antiche, respirando cronache e storie passate (si noterà quanta importanza viene data alle fonti da parte dei narratori dell'epoca, che tengono a sottolineare come i fatti siano riportati da persone autorevoli, credibili o addirittura presenti); ma ci muoveremo anche nello spazio, tra Vampiri vicini e lontani, dall'Europa all'Asia, dalla vicina Grecia alla lontana Cina, passando per Russia, Inghilterra, Islanda, ecc.; e al termine di questa traversata speriamo di poter offrire un'immagine più nitida di questa demoniaca figura, immortale di costituzione come è già nella Letteratura.
Authors
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (Russian: Еле́на Петро́вна Блава́тская, Yelena Petrovna Blavatskaya, often known as Madame Blavatsky; 12 August [O.S. 31 July] 1831 – 8 May 1891) was a Russian occultist, philosopher, and author who co-founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. She gained an international following as the leading theoretician of Theosophy, the esoteric religion that the society promoted. Source: Wikipedia
Also known as W.R.S. Ralston William Ralston Shedden-Ralston (born William Shedden and later known as William Ralston) was a noted British scholar of Russia and translator and Russian. He was the only son of W. P. Ralston Shedden, who made his fortune as a merchant in Calcutta and set up home in Palmira Square, Brighton, when he returned to England. William spent most of his early years there. Together with three or four other boys he studied under the Rev. John Hogg of Brixham, Devonshire, until he went to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1846, where he graduated with a BA in 1850. During this period William's father entered into a lengthy but unsuccessful litigation over his claim to Ralston estates in Ayrshire. The cost dissipated his fortune. The family pressed the claim for many years. Shedden's only sister took up the pleadings, and at one stage conducted the case before a committee of the House of Lords for more than thirty days. William had been called to the bar before the litigation began, but the change in the family's fortunes forced him to seek immediate remunerative employment. He also adopted the additional surname of Shedden. In 1853 he went to work as a junior assistant in the printed-book department of the British Museum, where his zeal and ability won the respect of his superiors. The work began with the requisite two years copying titles for the printed books catalogue, and thereafter he rose slowly through the ranks. When he saw a need for someone who could catalogue Russian books, he began studying Russian, and even learned pages of the dictionary by heart. He also studied Russian literature. He translated 93 of Ivan Andreevich Krylov's two hundred fables, and this work, published in 1868 as Krilof and his Fables, ran to numerous editions. The following year he brought out a translation of Ivan Turgenev's Nest of Gentlefolk as Liza; in 1872, his 439-page Songs of the Russian People as Illustrative of Slavonic Mythology and Russian Social Life, and in 1873 a bloodthirsty collection of Russian Folk Tales. He made two or three journeys to Russia, formed numerous literary acquaintances there, and had a lasting friendship with Turgenev. He also became a corresponding member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg. He visited Serbia twice, and made numerous visits to Germany, Belgium, and Switzerland. In 1874 he published Early Russian History, the substance of four lectures delivered at the Taylor Institution in Oxford. His visits to Russia were mainly to collect material for another, more comprehensive account. Having contracted for its publication with Messrs. Cassell & Co, at the last moment he allowed them to cancel the agreement and publish instead Donald Mackenzie Wallace's book Russia. He also possessed a gift for narrating stories orally. He devised a novel form of public entertainment, telling stories to large audiences in lecture-halls, making several successful appearances at St. George's and St James' Halls. He gave story-tellings to the young princes and princesses at Marlborough House, and to other social gatherings; and also, in aid of charities, to audiences in east London and the provinces. His health failing, he resigned from the British Museum in 1875 and sought to devote himself to literary work, but he was susceptible to acute depression and became increasingly withdrawn. Nevertheless he wrote for the Athenæum magazine and the Saturday Review, as well as the Nineteenth Century and other magazines.
Henry More FRS (1614–1687) was an English philosopher of the Cambridge Platonist school. Henry was born at Grantham and was schooled at The King's School, Grantham and at Eton College. Both his parents were Calvinists but he himself "could never swallow that hard doctrine."
Algernon Freeman-Mitford, 1st Baron Redesdale Usually published under the name A.B. Mitford. The member of a distinguished British literary family, A. B. Mitford traveled widely with his parents as a youth and lived in various European countries. From 1866-70, he served as an attaché with the British legation at Edo (Tokyo) — one of the first foreign diplomats to do so. During his brief stay there, Mitford lived through a period of dramatic and tumultuous change in Japanese history. A feudal nation on his arrival, Japan had entered the era of “Westernization” before he left some three years later. During that time, however, he quickly and thoroughly mastered the Japanese language and acted as an interpreter between the young Japanese Emperor and British royalty.
