Eduardo De Filippo was an Italian actor, playwright, screenwriter, author and poet, best known for his Neapolitan works Filumena Marturano and Napoli Milionaria. De Filippo was born in Naples to playwright Eduardo Scarpetta and theatre seamstress and costumier Luisa De Filippo. He began acting at the age of five and in 1932 formed a theater company with his brother Peppino and sister Titina. Peppino left the troupe in 1944 and Titina departed by the early 1950s. De Filippo starred in De Sica's L'oro di Napoli with Totò and Sophia Loren in 1954. His translation of Shakespeare's The Tempest into Neapolitan was published in 1982. In 1981, De Filippo was appointed life senator of the Italian Republic. He died four years later in Rome. His artistic legacy has been carried over by his son.