Purpose and Scope In Unconventional Warfare operations it may be impossible or unwise to use conventional military munitions as tools in the conduct of certain missions. It may be necessary instead to fabricate the required munitions from locally available or unassuming materials. The purpose of this manual is to increase the potential of Special Forces and guerrilla troops by describing in detail the manufacture of munitions from seemingly innocuous locally available materials. Manufactured, precision devices almost always will be more effective, more reliable, and easier to use than improvised ones, but shelf items will just not be available for certain operations for security or logistical reasons. Therefore the operator will have to rely on materials he can buy in a drug or paint store, find in a junk pile, or scrounge from military stocks. Also, many of the ingredients and materials used in fabricating homemade items are so commonplace or innocuous they can be carried without arousing suspicion. The completed item itself often is more easily concealed or camouflaged. In addition, the field expedient item can be tailored for the intended target, thereby providing an advantage over the standard item in flexibility and versatility. The manual contains simple explanations and illustrations to permit construction of the items by personnel not normally familiar with making and handling munitions. These items were conceived in-house or, obtained from other publications or personnel engaged in munitions or special warfare work. This manual includes methods for fabricating explosives, detonators, propellants, shaped charges, small arms, mortars, incendiaries, delays, switches, and similar items from indigenous materials. Table of Contents Section 0 — Introduction 0.1 Purpose and Scope 0.2 Safety and Reliability 0.3 User Comments Section 1 — Explosives and Propellants (including igniters) 1.1 Plastic Explosive Filler 1.2 Potassium Nitrate 1.3 Improvised Black Powder 1.4 Nitric Acid 1.5 Initiator for Dust Explosions 1.6 Fertilizer Explosive 1.7 Carbon Tet – Explosive 1.8 Fertilizer AN-Al Explosive 1.9 “Red or White Powder” Propellant 1.10 Nitric Acid/Nitrobenzene (“Hellhoffite”) Explosive 1.11 Optimized Process for Cellulose/Acid Explosives 1.12 Methyl Nitrate Dynamite 1.13 Urea Nitrate Explosive 1.14 Preparation of Copper Sulfate (Pentahydrate) 1.15 Reclamation of RDX from C4 1.16 TACC (Tetramminecopper (II) Chlorate) 1.17 HMTD 1.18 Potassium or Sodium Nitrite and Litharge (Lead Monoxide) 1.19 DDNP 1.20 Preparation of Lead Picrate 1.21 Preparation of Picric Acid from Aspirin 1.22 Double Salts 1.23 Sodium Chlorate 1.24 Mercury Fulminate 1.25 Sodium Chlorate and Sugar or Aluminum Explosive Section 2 — Mines and Grenades 2.1 Pipe Hand Grenade 2.2 Nail Grenade 2.3 Wine Bottle Cone Charge 2.4 Grenade-Tin Can Land Mine 2.5 Mortar Scrap Mine 2.6 Coke Bottle Shaped Charge 2.7 Cylindrical Cavity Shaped Charge 2.8 Not Available 2.9 Funnel Shaped Charge 2.10 Linear Shaped Charge Section 3 — Small Arms Weapons and Ammunition 3.1 Pipe Pistol for 9 mm Ammunition 3.2 Shotgun (12 gauge) 3.3 Shotshell Dispersion Control 3.4 Carbine (7.62 mm Standard Rifle Ammunition) 3.5 Reusable Primer 3.6 Pipe Pistol for .45 Caliber Ammunition 3.7 Match Gun 3.8 Rifle Cartridge 3.9 Pipe Pistol for .38 Caliber Ammunition 3.10 Pipe Pistol for .