En 1580, Michel de Montaigne dio a la imprenta la primera edición de sus dos libros de Los ensayos. El éxito fue tan arrollador que, dos años más tarde, apareció una nueva edición, aumentada con un tercer libro y con notables adiciones y correcciones en los dos primeros. Se completaba así la redacción de uno de los libros que mayor prestigio e influencia han tenido en el pensamiento occidental. Sin embargo, el gentilhombre perigordino siguió trabajando en el texto de sus ensayos hasta su muerte, acaecida en 1592. Tres años más tarde, Marie de Gournay, «fille d’alliance» de Montaigne, presentaba una edición de Los ensayos siguiendo las instrucciones que le diera su autor, edición que durante siglos ha sido considerada canónica, hasta que Strowski preparó la suya entre 1906 y 1933. Hoy, el de Marie de Gournay es visto de nuevo, con justicia, como el texto de referencia, y sirve de base a todas las ediciones recientes fiables. Éste es también el que el lector hispano encontrará en la presente edición, enriquecida con referencias a los múltiples estadios que experimentó el texto y con un completo aparato de notas.
Author
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1532-1592) was one of the most influential writers of the French Renaissance. Montaigne is known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre. He became famous for his effortless ability to merge serious intellectual speculation with casual anecdotes and autobiography—and his massive volume Essais (translated literally as "Attempts") contains, to this day, some of the most widely influential essays ever written. Montaigne had a direct influence on writers the world over, from William Shakespeare to René Descartes, from Ralph Waldo Emerson to Stephan Zweig, from Friedrich Nietzsche to Jean-Jacques Rousseau. He was a conservative and earnest Catholic but, as a result of his anti-dogmatic cast of mind, he is considered the father, alongside his contemporary and intimate friend Étienne de La Boétie, of the "anti-conformist" tradition in French literature. In his own time, Montaigne was admired more as a statesman then as an author. The tendency in his essays to digress into anecdotes and personal ruminations was seen as detrimental to proper style rather than as an innovation, and his declaration that, "I am myself the matter of my book", was viewed by his contemporaries as self-indulgent. In time, however, Montaigne would be recognized as embodying, perhaps better than any other author of his time, the spirit of freely entertaining doubt which began to emerge at that time. He is most famously known for his skeptical remark, "Que sais-je?" ("What do I know?"). Remarkably modern even to readers today, Montaigne's attempt to examine the world through the lens of the only thing he can depend on implicitly—his own judgment—makes him more accessible to modern readers than any other author of the Renaissance. Much of modern literary nonfiction has found inspiration in Montaigne, and writers of all kinds continue to read him for his masterful balance of intellectual knowledge and personal storytelling.
