Lhodak Marpa Chökyi Lodrö (1012–1097, Tibetan: མར་པ་ཆོས་ཀྱི་བློ་གྲོས་, Wylie: mar pa chos kyi blo gros), or Marpa Lotsawa ("Marpa the Translator") but most often simply Marpa, was the principal founder of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, having passed the teachings of the Mahasiddhas Tilopa and Naropa on to Jetsun Milarepa, and thence to Gampopa. Having traveled numerous times to Nepal and India at his own expense to study with renowned Indian Buddhist masters, he returned each time with numerous texts. He spent many years translating these from Sanskrit, thereby launching the second wave of Buddhist promulgation from India and establishing the rise of the Sarma (Tibetan: གསར་མ, Wylie: gsar ma) or "New Translation" schools of Tibetan Buddhism.