Create and sustain a learning environment where students thrive and stakeholders are accurately informed of student progress. Clarify the purpose of grades, craft a vision statement aligned with this purpose, and discover research-based strategies to implement effective grading and reporting practices. Identify policies and practices that render grading inaccurate, and understand the role grades play in students' future success and opportunities. K-12 teachers and administrators Chapter 1: Define the Purpose of Grades Chapter 2: Challenge the Use of Percentage Grades Chapter 3: Challenge Plus and Minus and Half-Grade Increments Chapter 4: Challenge Bell-Shaped Grade Distributions Chapter 5: Challenge the Computation of Class Rank Chapter 6: Challenge the Use of a Single Grade Chapter 7: Challenge the Use of Mathematical Algorithms Chapter 8: Challenge Practices That Confound the Meaning of Grades Final Thoughts