Pitt Latin American Studies
Series · 116
books · 1964-2005
Books in series
#1
Hawks of the Sun
Mapuche Morality and Its Ritual Attributes
1964
Southern central Chile supports one of the largest functioning indigenous societies in South America, the Mapuche, who have withstood more than four hundred years of persistent efforts at colonization and missionization. In spite of inevitable cultural and social change during those years, they have maintained a great measure of cultural and social integrity, and remain a regional, ethically conscious minority in Chile.
The Mapuche, in their own words, are “another race,” with their own gods, their own notions of right and wrong, their own symbolism. Abiding by the rules of their society ensures their eternal place among the hawks of the sun.
#2
Constructive Change in Latin America.
1968
Cole Blasier draws together eight essays from economists, political scientists, anthropologists, and other social scientists to discuss the growth of Latin American economics during the late twentieth-century. Anthropologist John P. Gillin looks at the impact of industrialization on a Guatemalan village, and sociologists Fernando Cardoso and José Luis Reyna present a pioneering analysis of the effect of industrialization on occupational structure and social stratification. Dwight Brothers takes a critical look at the role of private investment, and fellow economist John Powelson proposes that an integrated social science model of economic growth could resolve some of the conflict between North American economic principles and Latin American political interests. Richard S. Thorn, formerly with the IMF, analyzes the achievements and short-comings of the Alliance for Progress. Literary critic Germán Arciniegas probes the traditional interaction between Latin American intellectuals and politics, and political scientist James Malloy describes the revolutionary movement in Bolivia and its inability to reconcile the competing demands of political control and economic development.
#3
Barrios in Arms
Revolution in Santo Domingo
1969
Sociologist José A. Moreno was doing fieldwork in Santo Domingo when the revolution broke out in April 1965. For four months he lived in the rebel zone of the city, where he helped with the organization of medical clinics and food distribution centers. His activities brought him into daily contact with top leaders of the rebel forces, members of political organizations, commando groups of young men from the barrios of Santo Domingo, and ordinary citizens in the neighborhood. His eye-witness account is augmented by his professional analysis of the rebels-their backgrounds, personalities, ideologies, and expectations. He also focuses on the social processes that brought cohesiveness to the divergent rebel groups as their faced a common enemy.
#5
Beyond the Revolution
Bolivia since 1952
1971
Ten original essays discuss changes in the life, politics, and culture of Bolivia since the revolution of 1952.
#7
Revolutionary Change in Cuba
1971
Cuba has been transformed more radically within one decade than almost any society in recent history. Yet the Cuban Revolution is poorly understood abroad because of its physical and political isolation, the controversies between adherents of the old and new regimes, and the murky skirmishes of the cold war.
This collection of essays is a comprehensive and authoritative study of almost all major aspects of socialist Cuba. It draws together the talents of the ablest group of Cuban specialists ever represented in a single volume.
#8
Puerto Rico and the United States, 1917-1933
1975
From 1917 to 1933, the United States kept Puerto Rico in limbo, offering it neither a course toward independence nor much hope for prompt statehood. Clark unfolds with clarity the painful truth of the United States' unsavory attempt at being both a democratic and imperial nation during this period.
#9
Comparative socialist systems
Essays on politics and economics
1974
Book by Mesa-Lago, Carmelo; Beck, Carl (Eds.)
#11
Essays on Mexican Kinship
1976
Essays in Mexican Kinship offers new and important data on the social structure of Indian and rural Mestizo communities of Mexico, particularly those of the highlands, and provides models and suggestions for future research.
#13
Army Politics in Cuba, 1898-1958
1976
Louis A. Pérez examines the founding of the national army in Cuba, the rise and fall of Cuban army preeminence during the Machado regime, the bizarre army seizure of power in 1933, which resulted in the collapse of the officer corps, and follows the dominance of the army until the revolution of 1958. He shows that the Cuban political order rested on the stability of the army, which itself grew increasingly estranged from national traditions and eventually became the tool of a clique of political leaders, only to fall to rebel forces during the revolution.
#14
The Hovering Giant (Revised Edition)
U.S. Responses to Revolutionary Change in Latin America, 1910–1985
1976
In the first edition of The Hovering Giant, Cole Blasier analyzed U.S. response to revolutions in Latin America from Madero in Mexico to Allende in Chile. He explained why U.S. leaders sponsored paramilitary units to overthrow revolutionary governments in Guatemala and Cuba and compromised their own differences with revolutionary governments in Mexico and Bolivia. The protection of private U.S. interests was part of the explanation, but Blasier gave greater emphasis to rivalry with Germany or the Soviet Union. Now in this revised edition, Blasier also examines the responses of the Carter and Reagan administrations to the Grenadian and Nicaraguan revolutions and the revolt in El Salvador. He also brings up to date the interpretation of U.S.-Cuban relations. Blasier stresses U.S. defense of its preeminent position in the Caribean Basin, as well as rivalry with the Soviet Union, to explain these later U.S. responses. Seemingly unaware of historical experience, Washington followed patterns in Central America and Grenada similar to earlier patterns in Guatemala, Cuba, and Chile even though the latter had adverse effects on U.S. security and economic interests.
#15
The United States & Cuba
Hegemony and Dependent Development, 1880-1934
1977
From its independence from Spain in 1898 until the 1960s, Cuba was dominated by the political and economic presence of the United States. Benjamin studies this unequal relationship through 1934, by examining U.S. trade, investment, and capital lending; Cuban institutions and social movements; and U.S. foreign policy. Benjamin convincingly argues that U.S. hegemony shaped Cuban internal politics by exploiting the island's economy, dividing the nationalist movement, co-opting Cuban moderates, and robbing post-1933 leadership of its legitimacy.
#17
Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America
1976
Since the mid-1960s it has been apparent that authoritarian regimes are not necessarily doomed to extinction as societies modernize and develop, but are potentially viable (if unpleasant) modes of organizing a society’s developmental efforts. This realization has spurred new interest among social scientists in the phenomenon of authoritarianism and one of its variants, corporatism.
The sixteen previously unpublished essays in this volume provide a focus for the discussion of authoritarianism and corporatism by clarifying various concepts, and by pointing to directions for future research utilizing them. The book is organized in four a theoretical introduction; discussions of authoritarianism, corporatism, and the state; comparative and case studies; and conclusions and implications. The essays discuss authoritarianism and corporatism in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
#18
Cuban sugar policy from 1963 to 1970
1977
English (translation)
#19
Intervention, Revolution, and Politics in Cuba, 1913-1921
1978
Perez views the various economic, political and diplomatic methods used by the United States government to exert hegemony over Cuba from 1913-1921. He also examines the political turmoil and collapse of the traditional Cuban party structure, as candidates were forced to forge alliances with the U.S.
#20
Gaitán of Colombia
A Political Biography
1978
This book provides a detailed account of the political career of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, the populist leader of Colombia during the 1930s and 1940s.
#22
Cuba in the World
1979
Since the 1970s, Cuba has greatly expanded its participation in world affairs. What changes in its leadership, economy, and armed forces explain this increased participation? How do Cuban ties with Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Africa, Israel, and the socialist countries reveal Cuban purposes and affect U.S.-Cuban rapprochement? Cuba in the World addresses these and other important questions in the most comprehensive and authoritative review of Cuban foreign policies since the Revolution.
#23
Illusions of Conflict
Anglo-American Diplomacy Toward Latin America, 1865-1896
1979
Book by Smith, Joseph
#24
Female and Male in Latin America
1973
A pioneering study of Latin American women that views contemporary perceptions and realities of women’s lives, women’s roles in modernization versus tradition, the conflicts of class struggles among women, and the future of women's participation in Cuban society.
#26
The Politics of Mexican Oil
1981
The Mexican oil boom of the 1970s brought great hope and prosperity with it. George Grayson shows the influence of oil and the oil sector both within Mexican society and in its relations with other nations. He traces the development of the oil industry from its beginnings in 1901 up until the 1980s, looking at topics that include the history of expropriation; the creation of the state-run company Petróleos Mexicanos; graft and corruption within the Oil Workers Union; Mexico's relations with OPEC; the political nuances of oil and gas agreements with the United States; and the prospects for the Mexican oil industry and domestic reforms generated from oil revenue.
#27
Urban Politics in Brazil
The Rise of Populism, 1925–1945
1981
Book by Conniff, Michael L.
#29
Roads to Reason
Transportation Administration and Rationality in Colombia
1983
Hartwig views the Columbian Ministry of Public Works, applying a theoretical model of rationality and responsibility to view how policy failures were caused by faulty definitions of problems and mistaken approaches in building Andean Highways from 1922-1974. This book will interest those involved in policy administration, organization theory, and policy planning in both developed and developing countries.
#31
The Giant's Rival
The USSR And Latin America
1983
The Giant's Rival is an authoritative survey of Soviet relations with Latin America. Blasier provides a concise account of Soviet diplomatic, economic, and political-military involvement in the region, focusing on the post-1970 period.This revised edition includes chapters analyzing developments since 1983. Blasier views the origins of the Sandinista revolution, and its relation to international Communism, and how the Nicaraguan government has grown dependent on Soviet oil, arms, and economic and political assistance. He also describes the growing relations between the New Jewel Movement in Grenada and Moscow before it was toppled by the U.S. invasion. Blasier explains how U.S. policies have affected Soviet outcomes and makes proposals for protecting and advancing U.S. interests.
#32
Juan Peron and the Reshaping of Argentina
1983
Although Juan Perón changed the course of modern Argentine history, scholars have often interpreted him in terms of their own ideologies and interests, rather than seeing the effect of this man and his movement had on the Argentine people. The essays in this volume seek to uncover the man behind the myth, to define the true nature of Perónism. Several chapters view Perón's rise to power, his deposition and eighteen-year exile, and his dramtic return in 1973. Others examine: opposing forces in modern Argentina, including the church and its role in politics; the conflict between landed stancieros and urban industrialists, terrorist activities and their popularist support base; Peronism and the labor movement; and Evita Perón's role in advancing the political rights of women.
#33
Discreet Partners
Argentina and the USSR Since 1917
1984
Beginning with a review of the Argintine-USSR relationship up to 1970, Aldo Vacs describes and analyzes economic, diplomatic, and military developments, as well as their impact on Argentine society and politics, since the early 1970s. Vacs views each country’s objectives, and the extent and limits of their shared interests.
#37
Rebirth of the Paraguayan Republic
The First Colorado Era, 1878-1904
1985
Book by Warren, Harris Gaylord
#38
Black Labor on a White Canal
Panama, 1904–1981
1985
#39
Adventurers and Proletarians
The Story of Migrants in Latin America
1985
It is the first general English survey of immigrants in Latin America and is thus an important and welcome addition to the growing literature on the subject."—Journal of American Ethnic History
#40
Cuba under the Platt Amendment, 1902-1934
1987
• Choice 1987 Outstanding Academic Book
This book examines the early years of the Cuban Republic, launched in 1902 after the war with Spain. Although no longer a colony, the country was still hobbled by continuing dependence on and exploitation from a foreign power. Pérez shows how U.S. armed intervention in Cuba in 1898 and subsequent military occupation revitalized elements of the colonial system that would serve imperialist interests during independence. The concessions of the Platt Amendment in 1903 became the principal instrument for U.S. expansion in Cuba. The U.S. then gained control over resources and markets.
#41
Voices, Visions, and a New Reality
Mexican Fiction Since 1970
1986
Dr. Duncan's analysis are perceptive and, in the chapters on Guzman and Delgado, exceedingly well wrought; scholars with an interest in contemporary Mexican writing will be indebted to her for charting territory that is as vast as it is relatively unknown."—Modern Language Review
#42
The United States and Latin America in the 1980s
1986
Major political and economic events of the 1980s such as the international debt crisis, the 1982 Falklands War, the return to democratic rule in a number of countries, and the prolonged crisis in Central America, focused great attention on the U.S. and its dealings in Latin America. In this volume, experts from Latin America, the United States and Europe offer profound insights on the state of U.S.-Latin American relations, external debt and capital flows, trade relations, democracy, human rights, migration, and security during the 1980s.
#43
Carlos Gardel
su vida, su música, su época
1986
Este libro es la primera biografia de Gardel escrita en Europa y desde ella: imagen elocuente de las fronteras derribadas por la fama. Es una biografia nacida de la devocion y el mas exhaustivo rigor documental. Simon Collier, su autor, ha dedicado casi tres decadas a reunir informacion sobre el idolo de la cultura popular, investigando no solo en fuentes argentinas, sino en bibliotecas y hemerotecas europeas y norteamericanas. La presente biografia puede considerarse sin lugar a dudas el primer estudio profundo sobre la personalidad de Carlos Gardel. Un valioso testimonio que no solo abarca la carrera artistica del gran cantor, sino tambien aspectos de su vida privada hasta ahora ignorados y oscurecidos por el fulgor del mito.
#44
Peru and the International Monetary Fund
1986
Thomas Scheetz shows that the Internationaly Monetary Fund’s approach in 1980s Peru did not addresses the roots of debt and financial crisis, but instead instituted a series of inadequate stopgap policies.
#45
The Mexican Republic
The First Decade, 1823-1832
1986
Green offers a colorful acccount of the first decade of Mexican independence from Spain. He views the failed attempt to establish a strong republic and the subsequent civil war that plagued the young nation. From this first decade, two polarized factions emerged, one federalist and populist, the other attempted to keep much of the old order of authroitarianism and church power established under colonialism. The were to be called the Liberals and the Conservatives, who would vie for power over the next century.
#46
Latin American debt and the adjustment crisis
1987
Book by Thorp, Rosemary, Whitehead, Laurence
#47
The Film Industry in Brazil
Culture and the State
1987
Opens an important door in analyzing the interplay of filmmakers, distributors, exhibitors, and the state in the development of the cinema as both an industry and an expression of national culture."—Hemisphere
#48
Authoritarians and Democrats
Regime Transition in Latin America
1987
By the end of the 1960s, most of Latin America was under repressive military rule. Conversely, the 1980s have seen the emergence of formal, constitutional democracies in Latin America and the Caribbean. Authoritarians and Democrats describes these changes and the future prospects for constitutional government in Latin America.
#49
Restructuring Domination
Industrialists and the State in Ecuador
1988
The industrial development of Ecuador has made fortunes for some, but has largely bypassed the general population. Armed by its new power, the bourgeoisie has captured sate mechanisms for its own advancement, leading to the paradox of a "democratic authoritarianism." In this study, Catherine M. Conaghan views the crucial differences between the social and economic changes in newly developed Latin American nations and those of the southern cone. Using Ecuador as her case study, she shows how industrial growth has given birth to an exclusive, ingrown bourgeoisie that is highly dependent on the state and foreign capital and is increasingly alienated from the peasants and urban poor.
#50
Oil and Mexican Foreign Policy
1988
The discovery of enormous oil reserves in the early 1970s revolutionized Mexico's economy and political behavior, bringing soaring revenues and industrial development. The oil glut of 1981 and wild fluctuations in world prices, pushed the country to the brink of bankruptcy. George W. Grayson describes how the roller-coaster economic ride, shrill nationalism, political assertiveness, and arrogant posturing of the 1970s have given way to greater professionalism, fiscal responsibility, and a cooperative attitude towards the United States in recent times.
#51
External Constraints of Economic Policy in Brazil, 1889-1930
1988
#52
Primary Medical Care in Chile
Accessibility under Military Rule
1988
Scarpaci has produced a well-written, informative and often provocative account of Chile's formal system of primary medical services."—Annals of the Association of American Geographers
#53
Mexico Through Russian Eyes, 1806-1940
1988
In this unique book, William Richardson analyzes the descriptions given of Mexico by an assortment of Russian visitors, from the employees of the Russian-American Company who made their first contacts in the early nineteenth century to the artists, diplomats, and exiles of the twentieth century. He explores the biases they brought with them and the interpretations they relayed back to readers at home. Richardson finds that Russians had a particular empathy for the Mexicans, sharing a perceived similarity in their histories: conquest by a foreign power; a long period of centralized, authoritarian rule; an attempt at liberal reform followed by revolution.
#54
Argentina
Political Culture and Instability
1989
Susan and Peter Calvert present an account of Argentina, the eighth largest country in the world, blessed with immense natural resources but which has so far failed to justify expectations. The cultural and political heritage is examined to help explain the political instability and economic underdevelopment of the country. Culture, Catholicism, liberalism and personalism are among the influences discussed. Peter Calvert has also written "The Process of Political Succession".
#55
The Political Economy of Argentina, 1946-83
1986
Of particular interest to scholars concerned with Latin America and with economic development."—Choice
#56
The Catholic Church and Politics in Nicaragua and Costa Rica
1989
Williams (political science, Northeast Missouri State U.) discusses challenges facing the progressive sector of the church since the fall of Somoza and the divisions which have surfaced within the church concerning the direction of change. Acidic paper. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#57
The Manipulation of Consent
The State and Working-Class Consciousness in Brazil
1989
The Manipulation of Consent is a major contribution to our knowledge of the mechanisms by which elites instill in the lower classes the beliefs, values, and attitudes that legitimate their subordinate position in the social order. The Manipulation of Consent makes a substantial addition to the understanding of Brazilian politics, the study of power relations, and the theory of the state.
#58
Ascent to Bankruptcy
Financing Social Security in Latin America
1989
In 1990, Carmelo Mesa-Lago, the foremost authority on social security in Latin America, concluded that all of the region's programs were imperiled, especially those in the most advanced nations. His study of twenty countries, originally sponsored by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America, critically reviews major financial problems, low and uneven population coverage, erosion in benefits, increasing costs, and the impact of social security on development.
In words that eerily echo current U.S. debates, Mesa-Lago analyzes virtually all social insurance old age, disability and survivors' pensions; health care; occupational hazards; family allowances; and unemployment. For social security specialists, this impressive study will serve as a comprehensive regional handbook on the legal, administrative, and financial features of Latin America's programs. Students of comparative policy and applied economics will find Mesa-Lago's methodology, analytical framework, and policy recommendations invaluable.
#59
Lords of the Mountain
Banditry and Peasant Protest in Cuba, 1878-1918
1989
Book by Perez, Louis A.
#61
A Revolution Aborted
The Lessons of Grenada
1990
Twelve essays address the political and cultural features of the Grenada experience, in light of the 1979 uprising that toppled Prime Minister Eric Gairy, and the subsequent U.S. invasion of 1983. The contributors discuss theoretical issues that go to the heart of dilemmas faced by many small, developing societies.
#62
The Social Documentary in Latin America
1990
Twenty essays by major filmmakers and critics provide the first survey of the evolution of documentary film in Latin America. While acknowledging the political and historical weight of the documentary, the contributors are also concerned with the aesthetic dimensions of the medium and how Latin American practitioners have defined the boundaries of the form.
#63
The Expulsion of Mexico's Spaniards, 1821-1836
1990
Winner of the Arthur P. Whitaker Prize as “the best book in Latin American Studies in 1990-1991
Mexico's colonial experience had left a bitter legacy. Many believed that only the physical removal of the old colonial elite could allow the creation of a new political and economic order. While expulsion seemed to provide the answer, the expulsion decrees met stiff resistance and caused a tug-of-war between enforcement and evasion that went on for years. Friendship, family influence, intrigue, and bribery all played a role in determining who left and who stayed. After years of struggle, the movement died down, but not until three-quarters of Mexico's peninsulares had been forced to leave. Expulsion had the effect of crippling a once flourishing economy, with the flight of significant capital.
#64
The Expulsion of Mexico's Spaniards, 1821-1836
1991
Drawing heavily on manuscript records in the Mexican national archives, Sims (history, U. of Pittsburgh) presents a thorough account of the expulsion laws passed in 1827-29 and 1833-34, and the chaos in the new Mexican republic caused by the resulting corruption, flight of capital and expertise, anti-Spanish rebellions, and conservative reaction. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#66
Economic Management and Economic Development in Peru and Colombia
1991
Today Peru is undoubtedly poorer than Colombia. Yet at the turn of the century the opposite was true. This study asks why Peru has made relatively so much less progress, and finds part of the answer in the greater coherence and competence of short term policy management in Colombia. Whether the international economy has provided positive or negative shocks, Colombia has tended to manage them more skilfully than Peru - not be relying on the market but by generally pragmatic and prudent interventionist policies.
#67
The Economics of Cuban Sugar
1991
The book remains a valuable contribution to the understanding of the role of sugar and sugar exports in the Cuban economy in the first three post-revolutionary decades."—New West Indian Guide
#69
Unequal Giants
Diplomatic Relations between the United States and Brazil, 1889-1930
1977
Book by Smith, Joseph
#70
Peru Under Garcia
An Opportunity Lost
1992
Alan Garcia took on a tough assignment when he became President of Peru in July 1985. Longstanding structural problems—the legacy of a very unequal pattern of development, a yawning gap in living standards, a weak import-dependent industrial base, an inefficient and ill-funded state—combined with newer problems like the effects of the debt crisis and the upsurge of guerrilla violence to provide a particularly difficult inheritance.
Initially Garcia was surprisingly successful in trying to tackle some of these problems. Then his government's strategy went awry. As he left office in 1990, Peru's social, economic and political ills looked worse than ever. On the right his critics blamed him for not liberalizing the economy and for his aggressive attitude toward the international financial community. On the left he was attacked for not going far enough, fast enough, in the opposite direction.
In this book, the first balanced assessment of the Garcia years, John Crabtree rises above these polemical claims and counter-claims, and charts the rise and fall of Peru's First ever APRA government, analyzing the causes of its undoing. His study stresses the political as well as the economic constraints, and gives due emphasis to the extraordinary impact of the country's Maoist fundamentalists, Sendero Luminoso, in undermining the authority of government.
#71
The Meaning Of Freedom
Economics, Politics, and Culture after Slavery
1992
In this interdisciplinary study, scholars consider the aftermath of slavery, focusing on Caribbean societies and the southern United States. What was the nature and impact of slave emancipation? Did the change in legal status conceal underlying continuities in American plantation societies? Was there a common postemancipation pattern of economic development? How did emancipation affect the politics and culture of race and class? This comparative study addresses precisely these types of questions as it makes a significant contribution to a new a growing field.
#72
The Meaning Of Freedom
Economics, Politics, and Culture after Slavery
1992
Book by McGlynn, Frank
#73
Argentine Workers
Peronism and Contemporary Class Consciousness
1992
Argentine Workers provides an insightful analysis of the complex combination of values and attitudes exhibited by workers in a heavily unionized, industrially developing country, while also ascertaining their political beliefs. By analyzing empirical data, Ranis describes what workers think about their unions, employers, private and foreign enterprise, the economy, the state, privatization, landowners, politics, the military, the “dirty war” and the “disappeared,” the Montonero guerillas, the church, popular culture and leisure pursuits, and their personal lives and ambitions.
#74
Chile
The Political Economy of Development and Democracy in the 1990s
1993
"This excellent, comprehensive study of education, health, labor markets, income distribution, the role of the State, copper, foreign trade, savings, investment, etc. until 1991, makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the Chilean development process. Hojman concludes 'that all the technical and political conditions are there to solve any remaining or foreseeable problems, and that future government mistakes... are likely to be small and swiftly corrected' (p. 203)"—Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.
#75
Domestic and Foreign Finance in Modern Peru, 1850-1950 - Financing Vision of Development
1993
A historical approach to understanding the financial problems of a chronically indebted Latin American country, focusing on the relative contributions of private, public, and foreign finance to economic development. Quiroz (history, City U. of New York) concludes that private finance has generally helped expansion, and that the economy usually goes bad when public and international financial systems start scheming together. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#76
The Constitution of Tyranny
Regimes of Exception in Spanish America
1993
Book by Loveman, Brian
#77
Cuba After the Cold War
1993
Ten original essays by an international team of scholars specializing in Cuba, the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and Latin America focus on the fall of communism in Europe and the transition to a market economy. Major themes of this study are the impact of the USSR's collapse on Cuba, how the historic events in Europe have affected the Central and South American Left, their implications to Cuba, Cuba's policies for confronting the crisis, and potential scenarios for the political and economic transformation of Cuba.
#79
The Franco-Peron Alliance
Relations Between Spain and Argentina 1946-1955
1993
Rein (history, Tel Aviv U.) concentrates on the vital economic, political, moral, and diplomatic support that Argentine president Juan Per=n gave the internationally isolated Spanish dictatorship during the years 1946-1949, arguing that Argentina's assistance played a central role in saving Franco's regime from collapse until US aid took over at the beginning of the 1950s. Translated by Martha Grenzeback. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#80
To Hell With Paradise
A History Of The Jamaican Tourist Industry
1993
In the course of the 19th century, Jamaica transformed itself from a pestilence-ridden island purportedly unfit for white residence into a sun-drenched playground for Caucasians in search of health and enjoyment. Taylor examines this about-face and explores the growth of the tourist industry into the 1990s. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#81
Capital Markets in the Development Process
The Case of Brazil
1993
Since 1964, Brazilian policy-makers have actively promoted financial market growth through a combination of more traditional interest rate liberalization schemes (indexing) and the creation of institutions which did not exist or restructuring those which did not function in an efficient way. This book traces the evolution of the Brazilian capital markets before and after the 1964-66 reforms and evaluates their role in economic growth and stability. The main conclusion of the study is that Brazil's experience with financial market development was a qualified success. Although the resulting strong financial market helped Brazil avoid the large capital flight experienced by its neighbors in the Southern Cone, the working relationships which developed over this period have become significant barriers to the achievement of economic growth and stability.
#83
The Last Cacique
Leadership and Politics in a Puerto Rican City
1993
This pioneering study of the dynamics of city politics in one of Puerto Rico's largest townships examines the fascinating career to Benjamin Cole. A quasi-legendary figure in island politics, Cole served as mayor of Mayagüez from 1968 to 1992. His spectacular success often ran counter to the broader political trends in Puerto Rico and offers insights in the currents of change that swept the island from the 1960s through the 1990s.
Based on years of intensive research, including unusually candid interviews with members of Puerto Rico's political elite, The Last Cacique offers the first in-depth study of local politics in Puerto Rico and one of the very few available for the Caribbean region.
#84
At the Fall of Somoza
1994
A personal account of the overthrow of the Nicaraguan dictator by Lawrence Pezzullo, the newly-appointed ambassador of a US government that tried and failed to keep him in power against the anger of the Nicaraguan people. He tells of negotiating with the stubborn despot and the triumphant rebel Sandinistas, and wonders why the US was so concerned and so ineffectual. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#85
Education and Society in Latin America
1993
Both financial and political factors impede the positive role of education in social and economic development in Latin America. This book argues that the inefficient operation of its education system constitutes one reason why Latin America is increasingly marginal on the world scene.
#86
Sport in Cuba
The Diamond in the Rough
1994
No aspect of Cuban life more clearly epitomizes their government's emphasis on image-building and individual participation than the system of physical culture and competitive athletics. Indeed the Cuban record in international athletics is the most universally recognized success of the communist revolution, as indicated by the Cuban arrival in the 1972 Olympics and the 1991 Pan-American Games, when Cuba beat the United States in the gold medal tally, dominating boxing, baseball, and winning the marathon. The fruits of the Cuban sports system were again in evidence at the Barcelona Olympics of 1992, despite the severe deprivation caused by the collapse of the island's socialist allies.
In spite of the obvious success and political importance of sport in Cuba, very little has been written on the subject. Sport in Cuba closes this gap. In the first major study on the Cuban system of sports and physical culture, Paula J. Pettvino and Geralyn Pye analyze how sports was given such a high priority in Cuba, how the country became a world power by the mid-1970s, and the impact of sports on Cuban society. Moving from the early days when the government's approach to sports was loosely defined, through the construction of a complex system of physical culture, to the current years of uncertainty, Sport in Cuba utilizes both archival sources and personal interviews. It will be of interest to Latin Americanists and students of sports.
#87
The Dynamics of Domination
State, Class, and Social Reform in Mexico, 1910-1990
1994
Brachet de Marquez, Viviane, Brachet-Marquez, Viviane
#88
Images and Intervention
U.S. Policies in Latin America
1994
Cottam explains the patterns of U.S. intervention in Latin America by focusing on the cognitive images that have dominated policy makers' world views, influenced the procession of information, and informed strategies and tactics. She employs a number of case studies of intervention and analyzes decision-making patterns from the early years of the cold war in Guatemala and Cuba to the post-cold-war policies in Panama and the war on drugs in Peru. Using two particular images-the enemy and the dependent-Cottam explores why U.S. policy makers have been predisposed to intervene in Latin America when they have perceived an enemy (the Soviet Union) interacting with a dependent (a Latin American country), and why these images led to perceptions that continued to dominate policy into the post-cold-war era.
#91
Privatization and Political Change in Mexico
1996
Since 1983, Mexico has undergone a rapid and thorough economic restructuring program, with privatization at the core. The government has divested itself of hundreds of public companies, increasing the role of private capital, both domestic and foreign. Supporters have argued that divestiture would have positive implications for Mexican democracy, but Judith A. Teichman concludes that political and economic power in Mexico is more concentrated and exclusionary than ever. She uses extensive field research, including interviews with top political and business leaders to describe and analyze the process by which the Mexican state has reformed its mammoth public enterprise sector.
#92
Business and Democracy in Latin America
1995
Recent political and economic changes sweeping Latin America are strengthening the power of the business class, as the failure of state-led development strategies makes the business sector the primary engine of growth. These six essays deal with this transition in six Latin American countries.
#94
Agrarian Structure and Political Power
Landlord and Peasant in the Making of Latin America
1995
The troubled history of democracy in Latin America has been the subject of much scholarly commentary. This volume breaks new ground by systematically exploring the linkages among the historical legacies of large landholding patterns, agrarian class relations, and authoritarian versus democratic trajectories in Latin American countries. The essays address questions about the importance of large landownders for the national economy, the labor needs and labor relations of these landowners, attempts of landowners to enlist the support of the state to control labor, and the democratic forms of rule in the twentieth century.
#95
The Politics of Water
Urban Protest, Gender, and Power in Monterrey, Mexico
1995
Monterrey is Mexico’s second most important industrial city, emerging in this era of free trade as a cornerstone of Mexico’s economic development. But development has been uneven and has taken a toll: As recently as the early 1980s, nearly a quarter of the city’s almost three million inhabitants did not have running water in their homes. At the same time, heavy industry - especially steel, iron, chemical, and paper works - were major users of water in their production processes.
Extensive industrialization coupled with a lack of infrastructure development astonishing in a major industrial city raises serious questions about the process of planning urban services in Mexico. Bennett uses the water crisis of the 1980s as a lens through which to reveal this planning process and the provision of public services in Monterrey. She finds three groups who were central to the evolution of the city’s water system: federal and state government leaders, the regional private sector elite (the Grupo Monterrey), and women living in the low-income neighborhoods of the city.
Bennett unravels the politics of water in Monterrey by following three threads of inquiry. First, she examines the water services themselves - what was built, when, why, and who paid for them. She then reveals the response of poor women to the water crisis, analyzing who participated in protests, the strategies they used, and how the government responded. And, finally, she considers the dynamics of planning water services for the private sector and the government in investment and management. In the end, Monterrey’s water services improved because power relations shifted and because poor women in Monterrey used protests to make national news out of the city’s water crisis.
The Politics of Water makes a significant contribution to the emerging scholarship on regional politics in Mexico and to a deeper understanding of the Monterrey region in particular. Until recently, most scholarly writing on Mexico spoke of the national political system as a monolithic whole. Scholars such as Vivienne Bennett are now recognizing the power of local citizens and the significant differences among regions when it comes to politics, policy making, and governmental investment decisions.
#96
The Brazilian Voter
Mass Politics in Democratic Transition 1974-1986
1995
Von Mettenheim, Kurt
#97
They Eat from Their Labor
Work and Social Change in Colonial Bolivia
1994
A scholarly study of the development of an indigenous labor force in Upper Peru present-day Bolivia during the 17th and early 18th centuries, an important topic in the economic history of colonialism because changes in relations of production and the transformation of Andean conceptions of property were both the result of European colonization and essential for the success of Spain's mercantile project. Includes maps and tables. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
#98
Revolution and the Multiclass Coalition in Nicaragua
1996
"Deepens and qualifies recent theories stressing the special vulnerabilities of neopatrimonial dictatorships to revolutionary overthrows. An intensive analysis of Nicaraguan social actors and movements, crucial events, and economic processes is supplemented by contrasts with other Latin American cases, especially El Salvador. Far more depth, nuance, and sense of missed historical possibilities than in the usual writings on the topic"—Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.
#99
Democracy Without Equity
Failures of Reform in Brazil
1996
In Democracy without Equity, Weyland investigates the crucial political issue for many Latin American countries: the possibility for redistributing wealth and power through the democratic process. He focuses on Brazil’s redistributive initiatives in tax policy, social security, and health care. Weyland’s work is based on some 260 interviews with interest group representatives, politicians, and bureaucrats, the publications of interest groups, speeches of policy makers, newspaper accounts, legislative bills, congressional committee reports, and more. He concludes that, in countries whose society and political parties are fragmented, the prospects for effective redistributive policies are poor.
#100
Building the Third Sector
Latin America's Private Research Centers and Nonprofit Development
1996
Levy, Daniel C.
#102
Art and Archaeology of Pre-Columbian Cuba
1997
The first report of archaeological findings in Cuba since 1959 and the first synthesis of Cuban prehistoric art and archaeology since Mark Harrington’s Cuba Before Columbus, published in 1921. More than one hundred photographs reveal the superb artistry of the Pre-Columbian Ciboney and Taino cultures and give the reader a deep appreciation of these early Cubans.
#103
A Forced Agreement
Press Acquiescence to Censorship in Brazil
1997
During much of the military regime in Brazil (1964-1985), an elaborate but illegal system of restrictions prevented the press from covering important news or criticizing the government. In this intriguing new book, Anne-Marie Smith investigates why the press acquiesced to this system, and why this state-administered system of restrictions was known as “self-censorship.”
Smith argues that it was routine, rather than fear, that kept the lid on Brazil's press. The banality of state censorship-a mundane, encompassing set of automatically repeated procedures that functioned much like any other state bureaucracy-seemed impossible to circumvent. While the press did not consider the censorship legitimate, they were never able to develop the resources to overcome censorship's burdensome routines.
#104
A Coffee Frontier
Land, Society, and Politics in Duaca, Venezuela, 1830–1936
1997
This study views the economic transformation of Duaca, Venezuela into a major coffee export center in the late nineteenth century. Yarrington examines the rise of the peasantry to prosperity, yet they later lost their stature as the local elite allied itself with the state to restructure society and coffee production on its own terms in the twentieth-century. The book is a pioneering study on peasant studies, export-led development, the relationship of state and society, and the consolidation of nation-states in Latin America.
#106
Militarization and Demilitarization in El Salvador's Transition to Democracy
1997
With the resignation of General Renee Emilio Ponce in March 1993, the Salvadorian army’s sixty-year domination of El Salvador came to an end. The country’s January 1992 peace accords stripped the military of the power it once enjoyed, placing many areas under civilian rule. Establishing civilian control during the transition to democracy was no easy task, especially for a country that had never experienced even a brief period of democracy in its history.
Phillip J. Williams and Knut Walter argue that prolonged military rule produced powerful obstacles that limited the possibilities for demilitarization in the wake of the peace accords. The failure of the accords to address several key aspects of the military’s political power had important implications for the democratic transition and for future civil-military relations.
Drawing on an impressive array of primary source materials and interviews, this book will be valuable to students, scholars, and policy makers concerned with civil-military relations, democratic transitions, and the peace process in Central America.
#107
The Costa Rican Women's Movement
A Reader
1994
This reader reflects the genesis, scope, and direction of women’s activism in a single Latin American country. It collects the voices of forty-one diverse women who live in Costa Rica, some radical, others strongly conservative, and most ranging inbetween, as they write about their lives, their problems, their aspirations. Unlike the comparative studies of women’s issues that look at several different countries, the reader provides an insider’s view of one small, but quintessentially Latin American, society. These women write of their own experience in organizing and working for change within the Costa Rican community. Some represent groups fitting into traditional “women’s movement” that wants to improve certain aspects of women’s and families’ daily lives. Still others, the “feminists,” argue forcefully that true improvement requires a profound change of power relations in society, of women’s access to power and decision making. The articles are organized into thematic groups that range from the definitions of Feminism in Costa Rica to women in Costa Rican history, women’s legal equality, discrimination against women, and the status of Women’s Studies. The brief biographies that identify each author underscore the leadership of Costa Rican women in Latin American Feminism. The founders and editors of Mujer, one of the most influential Feminist journals in Latin America, are among the authors represented in the reader. The audience for this book will include specialists interested in Latin America, in women in Latin America, and in the international women’s movement.
#108
End Of The Peasantry
The Rural Labor Movement in Northeast Brazil, 1961-1988
1997
The rural labor movement played a surprisingly active role in Brazil’s transition to democracy in the 1980s. While in most Latin American countries rural labor was conspicuously marginal, in Brazil, an expanded, secularized, and centralized movement organized strikes, staged demonstrations for land reform, demanded political liberalization, and criticized the government’s environmental policies. In this ground-breaking book, Anthony W. Pereira explains this transition as the result of two intertwined processes - the modernization of agricultural production and the expansion of the welfare state into the countryside - and explores the political consequences of these processes, occurring not only in Latin America but in much of the Third World.
#109
Bread Or Bullets
Urban Labor and Spanish Colonialism in Cuba, 1850-1898
1998
The first thoroughly documented history of organized labor in nineteenth-century Cuba, this work focuses on how urban laborers joined together in collective action during the transition from slave to free labor and in the last decades of Spanish colonial rule in Cuba.
#110
The Two-Headed Household
Gender and Rural Development in the Ecuadorean Andes
1998
The Two-Headed Household is an ethnographic account of gender relations and intrahousehold decisionmaking as well as a policy-oriented study of gender and development in the indigenous Andean community of Chanchalo, Ecuador. Hamilton’s main argument is that the households in these farming communities are “two-headed.” Men and women participate equally in agricultural production and management, in household decisionmaking, and share in the reproductive tasks of child care, food preparation, and other chores.
Based on qualitative fieldwork and regional household survey data, this book investigates the effect on women's lives of gender bias in agricultural development programs and labor and commodities markets. Despite household economic reliance on these programs and markets, there is extraordinary evidence of social and economic gender equality. Traditional Andean kinship structures enable women and men to enter marriage as materially equal partners.
As seen in case studies of five women and their families, the author continually encounters joint decisionmaking and shared household and agricultural responsibilities. In fact, it often seems that women have the final say in many decisions. There is the belief that a dynamic balance of power between male and female heads provides an impetus toward mutually desired economic and social goals. Despite the strong influence of the patriarchal power of the hacienda system, Andean gender ideology accords women and men equal measures of physical, mental, and emotional fortitude. The belief that maintaining traditional forms of economic collaboration helped them survive on the hacienda was reinforced under the economic and political domination of the patriarchal systems of the landed elite, church, and state.
Today, these people are proud of their strong women, strong families, and community solidarity which they believe distinguishes them from Ecuadorean and American societies. Hamilton suggests that women in developing countries should not be viewed as simply, or even inevitably, victims of gender-biased structural or cultural institutions. They may resist male bias, perhaps even with the support of local-level institutions. The Two-Headed Household demonstrates that analysis of gender relations should focus on forms of cooperation among women and men, as well as on forms of conflict, and will be of interest to scholars and students in anthropology, gender and development, and Latin American Studies.
#111
Do Options Exist?
The Reform of Pension and Health Care Systems in Latin America
1999
This timely volume brings together specialists on the reform of social security systems to analyze the similarities and differences of those health care and pension reforms that have taken place since the early 1990s and suggests possible gains through recent or contemplated revisions to those systems.
#112
School Choice In Chile
Two Decades of Educational Reform
1998
School Choice in Chile examines the dramatic educational decentralization and privatization of schools in Chile. Given the lack of experience the United States has with school choice, Gauri presents a necessary report that parents, policy analysts in education and social welfare, as well as students of political science, public policy, and education, will find extremely useful.
#113
Imagination Beyond Nation
1999
Can scholarly pursuit of soap operas and folk art actually reveal a national imagination? This innovative collection features studies of iconography in Mexico, telenovelas in Venezuela, drama in Chile, cinema in Brazil, comic strips and tango in Argentina, and ceramics in Peru. In examining these popular arts, the scholars gathered here ask the same broad questions: what precisely is a national culture at the level of the popular? The national idea in Latin America emerges from these pages as a problematic, divided one, worth sustained attention in the field of culture studies. Many different arts come forth in all their richness and vitality, compelling us to look, listen, and understand.
#114
International Security and Democracy
Latin America and the Caribbean in the Post-Cold War Era
1998
Domínguez has drawn together fifteen leading scholars on international relations and comparative politics from Latin America, the Caribbean, and the United States, thus bringing to bear varying national perspectives from several corners of the hemisphere to analyze the intersection between regional security issues and the democracy building process in Latin America.
#115
Piety, Power, and Politics
Religion and Nation Formation in Guatemala, 1821–1871
1998
Douglass Sullivan-González examines the influence of religion on the development of nationalism in Guatemala during the period 1821–1871, focusing on the relationship between Rafael Carrera and the Guatemalan Catholic Church. He illustrates the peculiar and fascinating blend of religious fervor, popular power, and caudillo politics that inspired a multi-ethnic and multiclass alliance to defend the Guatemalan nation in the mid-nineteenth century.
#116
Empire And Antislavery
Spain Cuba And Puerto Rico 1833-1874
1999
In 1872, there were more than 300,000 slaves in Cuba and Puerto Rico. Though the Spanish government had passed a law for gradual abolition in 1870, slaveowners, particularly in Cuba, clung tenaciously to their slaves as unfree labor was at the core of the colonial economies. Nonetheless, people throughout the Spanish empire fought to abolish slavery, including the Antillean and Spanish liberals and republicans who founded the Spanish Abolitionist Society in 1865. This book is an extensive study of the origins of the Abolitionist Society and its role in the destruction of Cuban and Puerto Rican slavery and the reshaping of colonial politics.
#117
Traditional and Modern Natural Resource Management in Latin America
Management In Latin America
1999
This book identifies a major problem facing developing nations and the countries and sources that fund them: the lack of attention and/or effective strategies available to prevent farmers in underdeveloped and poorly endowed regions from sinking still deeper into poverty while avoiding further degradation of marginal environments. The contributors propose an alliance of scientific knowledge with native skill as the best way to proceed, arguing that folk systems can often provide effective management solutions that are not only locally effective, but which may have the potential for spatial diffusion. While this has been said before, the volume makes one of the best articulated statements of how to implement such an approach.
#118
An Agrarian Republic
Commercial Agriculture and the Politics of Peasant Communities in El Salvador, 1823–1914
1999
With unprecedented use of local and national sources, Lauria-Santiago presents a more complex portrait of El Salvador than has ever been ventured before. Using thoroughly researched regional case studies, Lauria-Santiago challenges the accepted vision of Central America in the nineteenth century and critiques the "liberal oligarchic hegemony" model of El Salvador. He reveals the existence of a diverse, commercially active peasantry that was deeply involved with local and national networks of power.
#119
The Emergence of Insurgency in El Salvador
An Essay on Ideology and Political Will
1998
Yvon Grenier is an associate professor of political science at St. Francis Xavier University, in Nova Scotia. Former editor of the Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, he is the author of many publications, including Guerre et Pouvoir au Salvador (Les Presses de l'UniversitZ).
#120
Organized Crime and Democratic Governability
Mexico and the U.S.-Mexican Borderlands
2000
The United States–Mexico border zone is one of the busiest and most dangerous in the world. NAFTA and rapid industrialization on the Mexican side have brought trade, travel, migration, and consequently, organized crime and corruption to the region on an unprecedented scale. Until recently, crime at the border was viewed as a local law enforcement problem with drug trafficking—a matter of “beefing” up police and “hardening” the border. At the turn of the century, that limited perception has changed.
The range of criminal activity at the border now extends beyond drugs to include smuggling of arms, people, vehicles, financial instruments, environmentally dangerous substances, endangered species, and archeological objects. Such widespread trafficking involves complex, high-level criminal-political alliances that local lawenforcement alone can’t address. Researchers of the region, as well as officials from both capitals, now see the border as a set of systemic problems that threaten the economic, political, and social health of their countries as a whole.
Organized Crime and Democratic Governability brings together scholars and specialists, including current and former government officials, from both sides of the border to trace the history and define the reality of this situation. Their diverse perspectives place the issue of organized crime in historical, political, economic, and cultural contexts unattainable by single-author studies. Contributors examine broad issues related to the political systems of both countries, as well as the specific actors—crime gangs, government officials, prosecutors, police, and the military—involved in the ongoing drama of the border. Editors Bailey and Godson provide an interpretive frame, a “continuum of governability,” that will guide researchers and policymakers toward defining goals and solutions to the complex problem that, along with a border, the United States and Mexico now share.
#121
Democratic Brazil
Actors, Institutions, and Processes
1999
After 21 years of military rule, Brazil returned to democracy in 1985. Over the past decade and a half, Brazilians in the Nova República (New Republic) have struggled with a range of diverse challenges that have tested the durability and quality of the young democracy. How well have they succeeded? To what extent can we say that Brazilian democracy has consolidated? What actors, institutions, and processes have emerged as most salient over the past 15 years? Although Brazil is Latin America's largest country, the world's third largest democracy, and a country with a population and GNP larger than Yeltsin's Russia, more than a decade has passed since the last collaborative effort to examine regime change in Brazil, and no work in English has yet provided a comprehensive appraisal of Brazilian democracy in the period since 1985. Democratic Brazil analyzes Brazilian democracy in a comprehensive, systematic fashion, covering the full period of the New Republic from Presidents Sarney to Cardoso. Democratic Brazil brings together twelve top scholars, the “next generation of Brazilianists,” with wide-ranging specialties including institutional analysis, state autonomy, federalism and decentralization, economic management and business-state relations, the military, the Catholic Church and the new religious pluralism, social movements, the left, regional integration, demographic change, and human rights and the rule of law. Each chapter focuses on a crucial process or actor in the New Republic, with emphasis on its relationship to democratic consolidation. The volume also contains a comprehensive bibliography on Brazilian politics and society since 1985. Prominent Brazilian historian Thomas Skidmore has contributed a foreword to the volume. Democratic Brazil speaks to a wide audience, including Brazilianists, Latin Americanists generally, students of comparative democratization, as well as specialists within the various thematic subfields represented by the contributors. Written in a clear, accessible style, the book is ideally suited for use in upper-level undergraduate courses and graduate seminars on Latin American politics and development.
#125
Secret Dialogues
2000
As Americas first truly postmodern president, Bill Clinton eBill Clintons presidency available in print. The Postmodern Presidency examines Clintons role in redefining the institution of the presidency, and his affect on future presidents economic and foreign policies. The contributors highlight the presidents unprecedented courtship of public opinion; how polls affected policy; how the president gained celebrity status; how Clintons postmodern style of public presidency helped him survive the 1994 elections and impeachment; and how all of this might impact future presidenhe presidents unprecedented courtship of public opinion; how polls affected policy; how the president gained celebrity status; how Clintons postmodern style of public presidency helped him survive the 1994 elections and impeachment; and how all of this might impact future presidents. This new text also demonstrates how the Clinton presidency changed party politics in the public and in Congress, with long-term implications and costs to both Republicans and his own Democratic party, while analyzing Clintons effect on the 1990s culture wars, the politics and importance of gender, and the politics and policy of race. This text is a must for anyone who studies, teaches, or has an interest in the American presidency and politics.
#126
The Friendly Liquidation of the Past
The Politics of Diversity in Latin America
2000
Based on interviews with more than 100 participants, Van Cott demonstrates how social issues were placed on the constitutional reform agenda and transformed into the nation’s highest law. She follows each reform for five years to assess early results of what she calls an emerging model of multicultural constitutionalism.
#127
Grassroots Expectations of Democracy and Economy
Argentina in Comparative Perspective
2001
This highly readable study addresses a range of fundamental questions about the interaction of politics and economics, from a grassroots perspective in post-transition Argentina. Nancy R. Powers looks at the lives and political views of Argentines of little to modest means to examine systematically how their political interests, and their evaluations of democracy, are formed. Based on the author’s fieldwork in Argentina, the analysis extends to countries of Latin America and Eastern Europe facing similarly difficult political and economic changes. Powers uses in-depth interviews to examine how (not simply what) ordinary people think about their standard of living, their government, and the democratic regime. She explains why they sometimes do, but more often do not, see their material conditions as political problems, arguing that the type of hardship and the possibilities for coping with it are more politically significant than the degree of hardship. She analyzes alternative ways in which people define democracy and judge its legitimacy. Not only does Powers demonstrate contradictions and gaps in the existing scholarship on economic voting, social movements, and populism, she also shows how those literatures are addressing similar questions but are failing to “talk” to one another. Powers goes on to build a more comprehensive theory of how people at the grassroots form their political interests. To analyze why people perceive only some of their material hardships as political problems, she brings into the study of politics ideas drawn from Amartya Sen and other scholars of poverty.
#128
The Time of Freedom
Campesino Workers in Guatemala's October Revolution
2001
"The time of freedom" was the name that plantation workers—campesinos—gave to Guatemala’s national revolution of 1944–1954. Cindy Forster reveals the critical role played by the poor in organizing and sustaining this period of reform.
Through court records, labor and agrarian ministry archives, and oral histories, Forster demonstrates how labor conflict on the plantations prepared the ground for national reforms that are usually credited to urban politicians. She focuses on two plantation zones that generated exceptional the coffee belt in the highlands around San Marcos and the United Fruit Company’s banana groves near Tiquisate. Although these regions were unlike in size and complexity, language and race, popular culture and work patterns, both erupted with demands for workers’ rights and economic justice shortly after the fall of Castañeda in 1944.
A welcome balance to the standard "top-down" histories of the revolution, Forster’s sophisticated analysis demonstrates how campesinos changed the course of the urban revolution. By establishing the context of grassroots mobilization, she substantially alters the conventional view of the entire revolution, and particularly the reforms enacted under President Albenz.
#130
Still Fighting
The Nicaraguan Women's Movement, 1977-2000
2001
The story of the women’s movement in Nicaragua is a fascinating tale of resistance, strategy, and faith. Still Fighting combines social theory with field research, leading a new wave of scholarship on women in Latin America.
#131
Empowering Women
Land And Property Rights In Latin America
2001
The expansion of married women’s property rights was a main achievement of the first wave of feminism in Latin America. As Carmen Diana Deeere and Magdalena Leon reveal, however, the disjuncture between rights and actual ownership remains vast. This is particularly true in rural areas, where the distribution of land between men and women is highly unequal. In their pioneering, twelve-country comparative study, the authors argue that property ownership is directly related to women’s bargaining power within the household and community, point out changes resulting from recent gender-progressive legislation, and identify additional areas for future reform, including inheritance rights of wives.
#132
Lost For Words?
Brazilian Liberationism in the 1990s
2002
Lost for Words? explores the rise and decline of progressive Catholic grassroots activism and its drive for social justice and democratic change in four low-income neighborhoods in São Paulo, Brazil. Ottmann focuses on the obstacles faced by the poor who took seriously the claim that "the people" were to transform Brazilian society "from the bottom up." He follows their travails through periods of democratization, mass unemployment, and conservative backlash within the Church. Frank Goetz Ottmann moves beyond purely political analysis to record how residents and progressive Catholic activists were drawn into a struggle for a "juster" society, and how this movement began to unravel even before it reached its peak in the early 1980s. Based on in-depth interviews and participant observation, and drawing on theoretical insights from recent debates on social movements and the sociology of religion, he examines how, by the early 1990s, the liberationist movement had lost its following, lost its allies, failed to achieve its core goals, and seemed to die. Ottmann then shows how in recent years activists have worked to create a new and pragmatic form of religious activism, one that draws on a range of agendas, including Catholic feminism.
#133
Societies After Slavery
A Select Annotated Bibliography of Printed Sources on Cuba, Brazil, British Colonial Africa, South A
2002
One of the massive transformations that took place in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was the movement of millions of people from the status of slaves to that of legally free men, women, and children. Societies after Slavery provides thousands of entries and rich scholarly annotations, making it the definitive resource for scholars and students engaged in research on postemancipation societies in the Americas and Africa.
#134
High-Tech Trade Wars
U.S. Brazillian Conflicts in the Global Economy
2002
Focusing on the conflicts between the United States and Brazilian governments over Brazil's efforts to develop a local computer industry, "High-Tech Trade Wars" examines the political struggle between governments and multinational corporations in today's global economy.
Sara Schoonmaker uses the technology industry to delve into one of the key political conflicts of our time: the construction of a free trade regime determined to open markets around the world to global capital, and attempts by Latin American, African, and other governments to resist this process. The Brazilian computer case is a prime example of a nationalist effort to promote local growth of a key high-technology industry—an effort that was eventually dismantled under the pressures of what Schoonmaker views as part of a broader process of neoliberal globalization.
"High-Tech Trade Wars" presents a multidimensional view of the globalization process, where economic changes are shaped by political struggle and cultural discourse. It includes interviews with Brazilian industrialists and state officials involved with implementing and, eventually, dismantling Brazil's informatics policy, and discussions of grassroots-level protests organized against neoliberal globalization during the recent WTO meetings in Seattle and Davos, Switzerland.
#135
The Quiet Revolution
Decentralization and the Rise of Political Participation in Latin American Cities
2003
As if by unseen signal toward the end of the 1980s, many Latin American governments suddenly transferred money and decision-making power to local municipalities. At the same time, national authorities allowed local governments to choose their leaders in free and open elections. The resulting revolution has been profound in its reach and stunning in the silent shift of power from central to local authorities.
The Quiet Revolution traces the growth and effects of decentralization and democratization in Latin America throughout the 1980s and 1990s. Based on first-hand accounts from mayors, local officials, and neighborhood leaders, Tim Campbell focuses on those cities and towns that made the most of their new intergovernmental arrangements. He further argues that the reforms, which are vital to long-term sustainable growth in the region, are in danger of being smothered by current policy responses from national and international institutions. Campbell's research, conducted over a ten-year span, counters conventional wisdom about the role of development banks in the process of state reform and offers timely insights into similar events taking place in other parts of the world.
#137
Landscapes of Struggle
Politics, Society And Community in El Salvador
2004
During the 1980s, El Salvador's violent civil war captured the world's attention. In the years since, the country has undergone dramatic changes. Landscapes of Struggle offers a broad, interdisciplinary assessment of El Salvador from the late nineteenth century to the present, focusing on the ways local politics have shaped the development of the nation. Proceeding chronologically, these essays-by historians, political scientists, sociologists, and anthropologists-explore the political, social, and cultural dynamics governing the Salvadoran experience, including the crucial roles of land, the military, and ethnicity; the effects of the civil war; and recent transformations, such as the growth of a large Salvadoran diaspora in the United States. Taken together, they provide a fully realized portrait of El Salvador's troublesome past, transformative present, and uncertain future.
#139
Xuxub Must Die
The Lost Histories Of A Murder On The Yucatan
2004
Explores the virtually unknown events surrounding the murder of American plantation manager Robert Stephens and his workers by Maya rebels in the Yucatan in 1875 at his plantation, Xuxub.
#140
Political Culture in Nineteenth-Century Peru
The Rise of the Partido Civil
2004
In the mid-nineteenth century, Peru underwent a profound transformation. As the world economy became increasingly integrated, a new trade-based ruling class emerged. Elections led to political mobilization, and those in positions of national authority found themselves forced to negotiate with regional power brokers and lower social classes. Central to this transformation was the creation of the Partido Civil, the country’s first modern political party. Tracing its development, Ulrich Muecke revisits virtually every aspect of nineteenth-century Peruvian society. By exploring the different forms of political action and their symbolic meanings, Muecke offers a new interpretation of the legitimization and construction of political power in Latin America of the 1800s. Using sophisticated theory and based on a wealth of primary research, the book provides insights into elections, the voting process, and power relations throughout the region.
#141
Politics In The Andes
Identity, Conflict, Reform
2004
The Andean region is perhaps the most violent and politically unstable in the Western Hemisphere. Politics in the Andes is the first comprehensive volume to assess the persistent political challenges facing Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Arguing that Andean states and societies have been shaped by common historical forces, the contributors' comparative approach reveals how different countries have responded variously to the challenges and opportunities presented by those forces. Individual chapters are structured around themes of ethnic, regional, and gender diversity; violence and drug trafficking; and political change and democracy. Politics in the Andes offers a contemporary view of a region in crisis, providing the necessary context to link the often sensational news from the area to broader historical, political, economic, and social trends.
#143
Parties And Unions In The New Global Economy
2004
For much of the twentieth century, unions played a vital role in shaping political regimes and economic development strategies, particularly in Latin America and Europe. However, their influence has waned as political parties with close ties to unions have adopted neoliberal reforms harmful to the interests of workers. What do unions do when confronted with this “loyalty dilemma”? Katrina Burgess compares events in three countries to determine the reasons for widely divergent responses on the part of labor leaders to remarkably similar challenges. She argues that the key to understanding why some labor leaders protest and some acquiesce lies essentially in two the relative power of the party and the workers to punish them, and the party's capacity to act autonomously from its own government.
#144
Political (In)Justice
Authoritarianism and the Rule of Law in Brazil, Chile, and Argentina
2005
Why do attempts by authoritarian regimes to legalize their political repression differ so dramatically? Why do some dispense with the law altogether, while others scrupulously modify constitutions, pass new laws, and organize political trials? Political (In)Justice answers these questions by comparing the legal aspects of political repression in three recent military Brazil (1964–1985); Chile (1973–1990); and Argentina (1976–1983). By focusing on political trials as a reflection of each regime’s overall approach to the law, Anthony Pereira argues that the practice of each regime can be explained by examining the long-term relationship between the judiciary and the military. Brazil was marked by a high degree of judicial-military integration and cooperation; Chile’s military essentially usurped judicial authority; and in Argentina, the military negated the judiciary altogether. Pereira extends the judicial-military framework to other authoritarian regimes—Salazar’s Portugal, Hitler’s Germany, and Franco’s Spain—and a democracy (the United States), to illuminate historical and contemporary aspects of state coercion and the rule of law.
#145
Opposing Currents
The Politics of Water and Gender in Latin America
2004
This volume focuses on women in Latin America as stakeholders in water resources management. It makes their contributions to grassroots efforts more visible, explains why doing so is essential for effective public policy and planning in the water sector, and provides guidelines for future planning and project implementation. After an in-depth review of gender and water management policies and issues in relation to domestic usage, irrigation, and sustainable development, the book provides a series of case studies prepared by an interdisciplinary group of scholars and activists. Covering countries throughout the hemisphere, and moving freely from impoverished neighborhoods to the conference rooms of international agencies, the book explores the various ways in which women are-and are not-involved in local water initiatives across Latin America. Insightful analyses reveal what these case studies imply for the success or failure of various regional efforts to improve water accessibility and usability, and suggest new ways of thinking about gender and the environment in the context of specific policies and practices.
Authors
Joseph Smith
Author · 7 books
Librarian Note: There is more than one author by the name of Joseph Smith in the Goodreads database. Books by the Mormon/LDS leader should go to this profile: Joseph Smith Jr.
Jorge Heine
Author · 1 books
Jorge Heine is a research professor at the Pardee School of Global Studies, Boston University, and a former Chilean ambassador to China, India and South Africa.
Rosemary Thorp
Author · 3 books
Rosemary Thorp was Reader in the Economics of Latin America and is an Emeritus Fellow of St Antony's College.
Harris Gaylord Warren
Author · 1 books
"The recent death of Harris Gaylord Warren deeply saddened friends and colleagues of this distinguished historian of Paraguay. As the first researcher in the United States to delve seriously into the history of that often-ignored land, Harris Warren was an inspiration to a generation of scholars. In Paraguay, as well as in the United States, his contributions will long be remembered." "In 1928, (Warren) gained an appointment as clerk of the U.S. Legation in Asuncion, Paraguay. There, his life-long fascination with the history and culture of that land was kindled... (He) enrolled at Stanford University, where in 1930 he received a master's degree in Latin American history", followed by a PhD in History from Northwestern. His scholarly career was marked by a wide-range of interests. "While he is generally remembered today as the father of Paraguayan studies in the United States, his early work focused on borderlands history. His first book was The Sword Was Their Passport: A History of American Filibustering in the Mexican Revolution (1943)... Warren also authored many articles on the same theme and collaborated on various textbook ventures", in several instances with his wife Katherine Elizabeth Fleischman. "In 1949, Warren produced the first serious English language text on Paraguayan history, Paraguay: An Informal History... While wanting to continue work on Paraguay, Warren was unable to return immediately to the South American archives. He concentrated instead on (work) that might be accomplished closer to home. In this vein, he published Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression as well as several short borderland studies and articles on U. S. - Latin American relations." Nevertheless, by the 1960s he "returned to his first love, the history of Paraguay. He steadily contributed articles on Paraguayan immigration, politics, rail-roads, banking, and personalities... On retirement, he resolved "finally to get some work done" on the history of Paraguay." He continued to publish various articles and, more significantly, wrote Paraguay and the Triple Alliance: The Postwar Decade, 1869-1878 which "appeared to general acclaim... In 1985, that first study was followed by the solid Rebirth of the Paraguayan Republic: The First Colorado Era, 1878-1904." "Harris was researching the twentieth-century Liberal period of Paraguay when his health began to fail. To the end he remained optimistic, anxious to continue his work on Paraguay." - excerpted from Harris Gaylord Warren (1906-1988) (COONEY, WHIGHAM) from The Hispanic American Historical Review, Vol. 69, No. 3 (Aug., 1989), pp. 562-564 accessed 05/04/2014 via JSTOR
George W. Grayson
Author · 4 books
George Wallace Grayson, Jr. was an FPRI Associate Scholar and the Class of 1938 Professor of Government at the College of William & Mary. He was a senior associate at the Center for Strategic & International Studies, a board member of the Center for Immigration Studies, and a lifetime member of the NAACP. Grayson lectured regularly at the U.S. Department of State, at the National Defense University, and at universities throughout the United States and Mexico.
Truman R. Clark
Author · 1 books
Truman Clark was professor of history at Pepperdine University in Los Angeles/Malibu California, the University of Pennsylvania, and Tomball College, near Houston. He also served for seven years as professional historian for the US Air Force.
Tim E.J. Campbell
Author · 1 books
Tim Campbell worked for more than 40 years in urban development with experience in scores of countries and hundreds of cities in Latin America, South and East Asia, Eastern Europe, and Africa. He retired from the World Bank in 2005 after 17 years in the urban sector. He is currently a Woodrow Wilson Global Fellow. His areas of expertise include city learning, innovation, smart cities, strategic urban planning, city development strategies, decentralization, urban policy, and social and poverty impact of urban development. He holds a B.A. in Political Science from U. C. Berkeley (1966), a Masters in City and Regional Planning from U.C. Berkeley (1970), and a Ph.D. in Urban Studies and Planning from M.I.T. (1980). Campbell is currently Chairman of the Urban Age Institute.
John Crabtree
Author · 1 books
Librarian Note: There is more than one author in the Goodreads database with this name. Dr. John Crabtree is a Research Associate at the University of Oxford's Latin America Center. Crabtree specializes in the politics of the Andean countries, on which he has written widely. He holds an MA from Liverpool University and a PhD from Oxford Brookes University.
Heinrich Brunner
Author · 1 books
German historian
Vivienne Bennett
Author · 1 books
Vivienne Bennett is Professor of Border Studies at California State University at San Marcos.
