Arabic profile for Pablo Neruda بابلو نيرودا.. شاعر تشيلى، يعد من أشهر الشعراء وأكثرهم تأثيراً في عصره. بدأ بابلو نيرودا كتابة قصائده عندما كان في العشرين من عمره، ونشرت لأول مرة فى تشيلى، ومن ثم نشرت فى أنحاء العالم، لتجعل منه الشاعر الأكثر شهرة في القرن العشرين من أمريكا اللاتينية. كان بابلو نيرودا، ذو اتجاه شيوعي متشدد، وكان يعد من أبرز النشطاء السياسين، وكان عضوا فى مجلس الشيوخ وفى اللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعى، الأمر الذى جعله مرشحا للرئاسة فى بلاده. نال بابلو نيرودا العديد من الجوائز التقديرية أبرزها جائزة نوبل في الآداب عام ١٩٧١، ووفقا لموقع جائزة النوبل الرسمي فقد حصل عليها لأن "أشعاره الممزوجة بالقوة العنصرية والتي تحضر أحلام ومصائر حية"، كما حصل على الدكتوراه الفخرية من جامعة أوكسفورد، وقال عنه الناقد الأدبي هارولد بلووم: "لا يمكن مقارنة أي من شعراء الغرب بهذا الشاعر الذي سبق عصره".

Pablo Neruda was the pen name and, later, legal name of the Chilean writer and politician Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto. Neruda assumed his pen name as a teenager, partly because it was in vogue, partly to hide his poetry from his father, a rigid man who wanted his son to have a "practical" occupation. Neruda's pen name was derived from Czech writer and poet Jan Neruda; Pablo is thought to be from Paul Verlaine. With his works translated into many languages, Pablo Neruda is considered one of the greatest and most influential poets of the 20th century. Neruda was accomplished in a variety of styles, ranging from erotically charged love poems like his collection Twenty Poems of Love and a Song of Despair, surrealist poems, historical epics, and overtly political manifestos. In 1971 Neruda won the Nobel Prize for Literature, a controversial award because of his political activism. Colombian novelist Gabriel García Márquez once called him "the greatest poet of the 20th century in any language." On July 15, 1945, at Pacaembu Stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, he read to 100,000 people in honor of Communist revolutionary leader Luís Carlos Prestes. When Neruda returned to Chile after his Nobel Prize acceptance speech, Salvador Allende invited him to read at the Estadio Nacional before 70,000 people. During his lifetime, Neruda occupied many diplomatic posts and served a stint as a senator for the Chilean Communist Party. When Conservative Chilean President González Videla outlawed communism in Chile, a warrant was issued for Neruda's arrest. Friends hid him for months in a house basement in the Chilean port of Valparaíso. Later, Neruda escaped into exile through a mountain pass near Maihue Lake into Argentina. Years later, Neruda was a close collaborator to socialist President Salvador Allende. Neruda was hospitalized with cancer at the time of the Chilean coup d'état led by Augusto Pinochet. Three days after being hospitalized, Neruda died of heart failure. Already a legend in life, Neruda's death reverberated around the world. Pinochet had denied permission to transform Neruda's funeral into a public event. However, thousands of grieving Chileans disobeyed the curfew and crowded the streets to pay their respects. Neruda's funeral became the first public protest against the Chilean military dictatorship.