Programme du BAC 2023 – Première générale et Premières technologiques Objet d’étude : Le Théâtre du XVIIe au XXIe siècle – Parcours traité : Spectacle et comédie L’œuvre Angélique et Cléante se sont promis l’un à l’autre… Argan, père autoritaire, en a décidé tout autrement : sa fille Angélique épousera un médecin qui le soignera de toutes ses maladies imaginaires. Comment amener ce faux malade à se ranger du côté de l’amour vrai ? Toinette et Béralde y travaillent, mais la tâche est ardue et Argan têtu. Avec l’éclat d’un testament, cette ultime comédie-ballet de Molière, vive et profonde à la fois, définit le théâtre comme un spectacle, comme le triomphe du plaisir, la victoire de la vie sur la mort. Le dossier pédagogique Bibliolycée : toutes les clés pour comprendre l’œuvre : Le parcours « Spectacle et comédie » - Spécial BAC Les thèmes principaux expliqués, accompagnés de citations commentées et d’un groupement de textes complémentaires. Le dossier Objectif BAC pour s’entraîner aux épreuves du BAC Une rubrique spécifique pour une meilleure préparation au BAC comportant des sujets d’écrit et d’oral guidés et corrigés, ainsi que des fiches Méthode et des conseils. Pour l’enseignant Un dossier pédagogique téléchargeable gratuitement sur avec tous les corrigés des questionnaires.
Author
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, also known by his stage name, Molière, was a French playwright and actor who is considered one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature. Among Molière's best-known dramas are Le Misanthrope, (The Misanthrope), L'Ecole des femmes (The School for Wives), Tartuffe ou l'Imposteur, (Tartuffe or the Hypocrite), L'Avare ou l'École du mensonge (The Miser), Le Malade imaginaire (The Imaginary Invalid), and Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme (The Bourgeois Gentleman). From a prosperous family and having studied at the Jesuit Clermont College (now Lycée Louis-le-Grand), Molière was well suited to begin a life in the theatre. Thirteen years as an itinerant actor helped to polish his comic abilities while he also began writing, combining Commedia dell'Arte elements with the more refined French comedy. Through the patronage of a few aristocrats including the brother of Louis XIV, Molière procured a command performance before the King at the Louvre. Performing a classic play by Pierre Corneille and a farce of his own, Le Docteur amoureux (The Doctor in Love), Molière was granted the use of Salle du Petit-Bourbon at the Louvre, a spacious room appointed for theatrical performances. Later, Molière was granted the use of the Palais-Royal. In both locations he found success among the Parisians with plays such as Les Précieuses ridicules (The Affected Ladies), L'École des maris (The School for Husbands) and L'École des femmes (The School for Wives). This royal favour brought a royal pension to his troupe and the title "Troupe du Roi" (The King's Troupe). Molière continued as the official author of court entertainments. Though he received the adulation of the court and Parisians, Molière's satires attracted criticisms from moralists and the Church. Tartuffe ou l'Imposteur (Tartuffe or the Hypocrite) and its attack on religious hypocrisy roundly received condemnations from the Church while Don Juan was banned from performance. Molière's hard work in so many theatrical capacities began to take its toll on his health and, by 1667, he was forced to take a break from the stage. In 1673, during a production of his final play, Le Malade imaginaire (The Imaginary Invalid), Molière, who suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, was seized by a coughing fit and a haemorrhage while playing the hypochondriac Argan. He finished the performance but collapsed again soon after, and died a few hours later. In his time in Paris, Molière had completely reformed French comedy.
