
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, also known by his stage name, Molière, was a French playwright and actor who is considered one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature. Among Molière's best-known dramas are Le Misanthrope, (The Misanthrope), L'Ecole des femmes (The School for Wives), Tartuffe ou l'Imposteur, (Tartuffe or the Hypocrite), L'Avare ou l'École du mensonge (The Miser), Le Malade imaginaire (The Imaginary Invalid), and Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme (The Bourgeois Gentleman). From a prosperous family and having studied at the Jesuit Clermont College (now Lycée Louis-le-Grand), Molière was well suited to begin a life in the theatre. Thirteen years as an itinerant actor helped to polish his comic abilities while he also began writing, combining Commedia dell'Arte elements with the more refined French comedy. Through the patronage of a few aristocrats including the brother of Louis XIV, Molière procured a command performance before the King at the Louvre. Performing a classic play by Pierre Corneille and a farce of his own, Le Docteur amoureux (The Doctor in Love), Molière was granted the use of Salle du Petit-Bourbon at the Louvre, a spacious room appointed for theatrical performances. Later, Molière was granted the use of the Palais-Royal. In both locations he found success among the Parisians with plays such as Les Précieuses ridicules (The Affected Ladies), L'École des maris (The School for Husbands) and L'École des femmes (The School for Wives). This royal favour brought a royal pension to his troupe and the title "Troupe du Roi" (The King's Troupe). Molière continued as the official author of court entertainments. Though he received the adulation of the court and Parisians, Molière's satires attracted criticisms from moralists and the Church. Tartuffe ou l'Imposteur (Tartuffe or the Hypocrite) and its attack on religious hypocrisy roundly received condemnations from the Church while Don Juan was banned from performance. Molière's hard work in so many theatrical capacities began to take its toll on his health and, by 1667, he was forced to take a break from the stage. In 1673, during a production of his final play, Le Malade imaginaire (The Imaginary Invalid), Molière, who suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, was seized by a coughing fit and a haemorrhage while playing the hypochondriac Argan. He finished the performance but collapsed again soon after, and died a few hours later. In his time in Paris, Molière had completely reformed French comedy.
2026
MOLIÈRE
2024
2023
2023
Soziale Satire, höfische Maskerade und bürgerliche Heuchelei im 17. Jahrhundert
2023
Parcours : Spectacle et comédie
2022
2022
Oeuvres complètes et annexes (annotées, illustrées): L'avare, Le médecin malgré lui, Les fourberies de Scapin, Dom Juan...
2019
suivi de La Critique de L École des femmes et d un cahier « Mises en scène »
2018
2018
2017
2016
هزلية تمثيلية ذات خمسة فصول
2016
2012
2010
2009
Le Malade imaginaire. Lektüreschlüssel
2008
2008
2007
2001
2000
Com�die, En Cinq Actes, En Vers
2000
Born Again
1997
1992
1991
Suivi de la Critique de l'�cole Des Femmes
1989
The Misanthrope, Tartuffe, The Learned Ladies, The School for Wives
1982
Blyspel In Vaerzen Aan Bezondre Maat, Noch Rym Gelanden
1981
1979
1975
1971
1970
1966
1965
Tartuffe & The Would-Be Gentleman
1963
1962
1960
1959
1954
1953
1907
1903
1900
1893
1862
1862
1724
The Five Foot Shelf & The Shelf of Fiction
1722
1721
1682