Cambridge Latin American Studies

Series · 89

books · 1949-2017

By Richard J. Salvucci, Marco Palacios, Alan Knight, and more

Books in series

Ideas and Politics of Chilean Independence 1808-1833

1968

This book covers the years from the breakdown of the Spanish Empire in America to the stabilisation of the new republic of Chile. It is a survey of the political ideas and the interplay of ideas and political action during the independence period. Whilst examining the influences making for change in late colonial Chile and the implications of political experiment and instability, much of the text is devoted to a description of the common ideology of the revolution. The author considers that the political theory was based on the notions of the social contract, the sovereignty of the people, representative government, the division of powers and a system of natural rights. It was derived from the liberal thought of the enlightenment and from the doctrines of the North American and French revolutions. But it was a complex of vaguer emotions and attitudes such as utopianism, anti-Spanish feeling, the 'black legend', an incipient nationalism and the idealisation of the Araucanian Indian which gave the revolution its mystique.

Church Wealth in Mexico

A Study of the 'Juzgado de Capellanias' in the Archbishopric of Mexico 1800–1856

1967

The Juzgado de Capellanias was the most important fiscal institution within the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico. It operated in each diocese as a type of bank, receiving clerical revenues from various sources and investing them by way of loans at interest. The Roman Catholic Church in Mexico was both a cause and a victim of the political and economic chaos of this period. The liberals alleged that the concentration of much of the country's wealth in the hands of the clerical corporations hindered the political and economic progress of the nation. The clergy argued that they utilized much of their property and capital to the direct benefit of both society and the economy. Dr Costeloe examines these different views in relation to the Juzgado in Mexico. He discusses its complex internal administration, skilled employees, sources of revenue and the procedure for obtaining loans from it. Since the borrower was obliged to guarantee repayment of his loan by offering a property as security, the Church, through the Juzgado as creditor, gained control of the mortgaged property. Dr Costeloe analyses the effects of this investment and subsequent control of real estate via the clergy. In the final section, the author discusses the relations between the Juzgado and the State.

Britain and the Onset of Modernization in Brazil 1850–1914

1968

This is a detailed study of British influence in Brazil as a theme within the larger story of modernization. The British were involved at key points in the initial stages of modernization. Their hold upon the import–export economy tended to slow down industrialization, and there were other areas in which their presence acted as a brake upon Brazilian modernization. But the British also fostered change. British railways provided primary stimulus to the growth of coffee exports, and since the British did not monopolize coffee production, a large proportion of the profits remained in Brazilian hands for other uses. Furthermore, the burgeoning coffee economy shattered traditional economic, social and political relationships, opening up the way for other areas of growth. The British role was not confined to economic development. They also contributed to the growth of 'a modern world-view'. Spencerianism and the idea of progress, for instance, were not exotic and meaningless imports, but an integral part of the transformation Brazil was experiencing.

Parties and Political Change in Bolivia

1880-1952

1970

In 1952 Bolivia experienced a profound social, economic and political revolution, one of the very few such revolutions which have occurred in Latin America. As Professor Klein points out, the remarkable fact about the Bolivian National Revolution was that it occurred at all. In terms of political, economic and social development Bolivia was one of the most retarded states of the continent and was not particularly riven by rapid or dislocating social and economic change. In this detailed study, Professor Klein stresses the origins and development of the Bolivian political system as it evolved into a stable two-party regime in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He then analyses the causes which led to the mutation of this system and the rise of class politics and social revolutionary movements in the middle decades of this century.

The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade

Britain, Brazil and the Slave Trade Question

1970

When at the beginning of the nineteenth century Britain launched her crusade against the transatlantic slave trade, Brazil was one of the greatest importers of African slaves in the New World. Negro slavery had been the cornerstone of the Brazilian economy and of Brazilian society for over 200 years and the slave population of Brazil required regular replenishment through the trade. In this detailed study Dr Bethell explains how during the period of Brazilian independence from Portugal, Britain forced the Brazilian slave trade to be declared illegal, why it proved impossible to suppress it for twenty years afterwards and how it was finally abolished. He covers a major aspect of the history of the international abolition of the slave trade and slavery and makes an important contribution to the study of Anglo-Brazilian relations which were dominated - and damaged - by the slave trade question for more than half a century.

Regional Economic Development

The River Basin Approach in Mexico

1970

Economic Development of Latin America

Historical Background and Contemporary Problems

1969

This is an introductory survey of the history and recent development of Latin American economy and society from colonial times to the establishment of the military regime in Chile. In the second edition the historical perspective has been enlarged and important events since the Cuban Revolution, such as the agrarian reforms of Peru and Chile, the difficulties of the Central America Common Market and LAFTA, the acceleration of industrialisation in Brazil and the consolidation of the Cuban economy, are discussed. The statistical information has been extended to the early 1970s and the demographic data to 1975.

An Economic History of Colombia 1845-1930

1971

Between 1850 and 1930 the local economies of several major primary-producing countries in Latin America became increasingly dependent on foreign trade. Professor McGreevey examines the relations between the external sector and the domestic economy by analysing the history of economic development in Colombia in this period. Part I traces the development of the economy from the period of exploitation under Spanish rule until 1845. In Part II the author makes an overall assessment of the movement of per capita product between 1845 and 1885. In order to assess the impact of trade on Colombian economic development Professor McGreevey has assembled a new and more reliable set of estimates of Colombian foreign trade between 1845 and 1930. He pays particular attention to the reasons for economic decline in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Part III examines the economic development of Colombia between 1890 and 1930 from a subsistence economy with little specialisation and exchange to a market-oriented agricultural economy with greater division of labour and a more extensive trade network. Professor McGreevey analyses the spectacular development of the Antioqueno region and the way in which coffee cultivation and transport improvements facilitated regional and national economic transformation.

#10

Miners and Merchants in Bourbon Mexico, 1763-1810

1971

The aim of this study is to define that distinctive blend of enlightened despotism and entrepreneurial talent which created Bourbon Mexico. The period 1763-1810 was a crucial and distinctive stage in the colonial history of Mexico. Jose de Gálvez, the dynamic minister of the Indies, transformed the system of government and restructured the economy. The ensuing 'golden age', far from being the culmination of two hundred years of steady development, sprang rather from a profound regeneration of the New World's Hispanic society. The chief success of Gálvez's policy was the unprecedented mining boom which made Mexico the world's chief silver producer. It was this silver boom which largely financed the revival of the political and economic power of the Spanish monarchy and, in Mexico itself, created a new aristocracy of merchant capitalists and silver millionaires.

#11

Alienation of Church Wealth in Mexico

Social and Economic Aspects of the Liberal Revolution 1856-1875

1971

Conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and the State in Mexico became prominent soon after independence in 1821, and during the next three decades national and state governments made various attempts to reduce ecclesiastical influence in the social, economic and political life of the nation. Few of such efforts met with much success, and it was not until 1856 that a major reform was initiated. Legislation was issued which affected all spheres of clerical activity but the most vital and controversial aspect of the reform involved the measures adopted to dispossess the Church of its wealth. The extensive ecclesiastical holdings of urban and rural real estate and capital were nationalized and redistributed. Professor Bazant examines earlier attempts at nationalization, and describes in detail the implementations of the 1856 Lerdo Law and subsequent decrees. Using selected areas of the country, he traces the precise effects of the redistribution of Church property and capital, describing the terms of sale or transfer, the number of sales, the buyers, their nationality and occupation, and the total value of the amounts involved.

#13

Bolivia

Land, Location and Politics Since 1825

1972

Since the earliest days of independence, Bolivia's foreign policy has been largely determined by geographical circumstances. This study examines the related aspects of location, accessibility, exploitation, attempted colonisation and boundary changes in Bolivia since 1825 and reviews the political and economic geography of the western, northern and southern sectors today. Dr Fifer examines Bolivia's role as a buffer state and the progressive reduction of its territory to about half of what was originally claimed in exchange, effectively, for railways and transit agreements. The consequences of the country's position in the South American interior have been no less evident in the wider context of international relations and this study also traces the influence of location in the political and commercial attitudes displayed towards Bolivia by Britain and the USA during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Finally the long-term effects of a landlocked position on the country's national growth and development are reviewed.

#14

A Guide to the Historical Geography of New Spain

1972

GERHARD, A GUIDE TO THE HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF NEW SPAIN \[HARDBACK\]. CAMBRIDGE, 1972, x 476 p. Encuadernacion original. Nuevo.

#16

Conflicts and Conspiracies

Brazil and Portugal, 1750-1808

1973

A study of Brazil during a critical formative period which illuminates the causes of her special historical development within Latin America. Professor Maxwell analyzes the shifting relationships between Portugal, England and Brazil during the second half of the 18th Century. Through his study, Professor Maxwell is concerned with the social, economic and political significance of the events he describes. An important part of this work is a study of the Minas Conspiracy of 1788-89.

#17

Marriage, Class and Colour in Nineteenth Century Cuba

A Study of Racial Attitudes and Sexual Values in a Slave Society

1974

Marriage, Class and Colour in Nineteenth-Century Cuba challenges conventional ideas about the roots of Cuban race relations. Verena Martinez-Alier proposes a relational model for the study of sexual values and social inequality. She deals with Cuban notions of honor and virtue while describing complex interconnections between class and perceived racial status that determine the choice of sexual and marriage partners. First published in 1974, Marriage, Class and Colour in Nineteenth-Century Cuba is now a classic, a pathbreaking encounter of anthropology with history that points the way for future investigations. With this edition, the work of this pioneering scholar is made available again, with a new introduction by the author. —from the back cover

#19

Politics in Argentina, 1890-1930

The Rise and Fall of Radicalism

1975

This study is concerned with the forty-year period before 1930, when Argentina experienced rapid economic and social growth broken only by the First World War. The Radical Civic Union appeared in the 1912 elections and in 1916 its leader, Hipolito Yrigoyen, became President. Dr Rock discusses the origins and course of this experiment in representative government, and the distribution of power and political benefits under the new system in the light of the society created by the growth of the primary export how it came about that the established political elite ceded control to the Radicals; whom they represented and towards which groups they directed their attentions. The work also deals with the methods of organization and mobilization used by them in a complex urban environment to develop and uphold their political support. It examines in some detail the class conflicts of the wartime period, the strikes whereby the workers sought to guard against the erosion of their wages by inflation, and the counter-mobilization of elite and middle-class groups, most notably in the bloody 'Tragic Week' of 1919.

#20

Studies in the Colonial History of Spanish America

1975

The seven essays that are contained in Mario G�ngora's Studies in the Colonial History of Spanish America demonstrate his exceptional range as a historian, as they run from the eve of discovery and conquest of the Indies to the end of the Spanish Empire, and connect matters as seemingly distant as the place of the New World in Spanish utopian thought and the humble workings of the native labour system. Professor G�ngora draws on his own previous work on the theory and technique of conquest, showing its European precedents and context, and displaying the mastery of local detail that readers of his previous books will expect. In these essays he also reflects on the advances in scholarship that have been made in the last decades, and relates one monograph to another, one local study to a larger issue, practical developments and ideological currents, in a manner that will appeal not only to all students of the Spanish Empire and of Spain, but to historians of many different interests.

#21

Chilean Rural Society

From the Spanish Conquest to 1930

1975

This book attempts to place in historical perspective the evolution of Chilean rural society from its foundation in the sixteenth century to 1975 and especially to explain the unusual result of accelerated economic growth after 1860. The study is placed in the broader context of general Chilean development and the rise of the Atlantic market. Professor Bauer also points out the connections and similarities between the Chilean case and other areas peripheral to the expanding world economy. Chapters are devoted to markets, prices and credit, but the main part of the book is concerned with the social and political impact of economic expansion on rural workers and the land-owning classes. A detailed explanation of agrarian structure and the position and importance of landlord and peon within national development is essential for an understanding of modern Latin America. This book is a contribution to that understanding and people interested in other times and places will find in the experience of Chile an instructive contrast in the larger pattern on modern history.

#22

Letters and People of the Spanish Indies

Sixteenth Century

1976

This 1976 book consists of the public and private letters of merchants which present a lively panorama of early life in Spanish-American society.

#23

The African Experience in Spanish America

1976

This pioneering book, a founding text of African diaspora studies, continues to hold a prominent place in any bibliography of its field and remains the only general history on the people of African descent in the Spanish-speaking nations of the Western hemisphere. Rout engagingly presents the broad historical contours of the African experience in Spanish America, from enslavement, resistance, and rebellion to the crucial participation of Afro-Latin Americans in the wars of independence, and a region-by-region account of their varied treatment in the newly-founded republics from the nineteenth century to the modern era. republics from the nineteenth century to the modern era.

#24

The Cristero Rebellion

The Mexican People Between Church and State 1926-1929

1976

The Cristero movement is an essential part of the Mexican Revolution. When in 1926 relations between Church and state, old enemies and old partners, eventually broke down, when the churches closed and the liturgy was suspended, Rome, Washington and Mexico, without ever losing their heads, embarked upon a long game of chess. These years were crucial, because they saw the setting up of the contemporary political system. The state established its omnipotence, supported by a bureaucratic apparatus and a strong privileged class. Just at the moment when the state thought that it was finally supreme, at the moment at which it decided to take control of the Church, the Cristero movement arose, a spontaneous mass movement, particularly of peasants, unique in its spread, its duration, and its popular character. For obvious reasons, the existing literature has both denied its reality and slandered it.

#25

Allende's Chile

The Political Economy of the Rise and Fall of the Unidad Popular

1976

The evolution of events in Chile during the presidency of the late Salvador Allende attracted attention all over the world. The experiment was unique in that no other Marxist president had been put in power by the democratic process of the ballot box. Political and economic developments under the government of the Unidad Popular undoubtedly had significance beyond the Chilean borders. The 'Chilean road to socialism' was a blind alley, leading not to socialism by peaceful means but to a military dictatorship by exceedingly violent means. Allende and the Unidad Popular were defeated and Chilean democracy was overthrown. But why it was overthrown remains an important question. This study analyzes the economic aspects of Allende's failure.

#27

A History of the Bolivian Labour Movement 1848–1971

1977

This book is an abridgement and translation of Guillermo Lora's five-volume history. It deals with the strengthening and radicalisation of Bolivia's organised labour movement, which culminated in the drastic revolutionary changes of the 1950s. The first half offers a reinterpretation of Bolivian history in the century preceding the revolution, viewed from the perspective of the working class. The second half discusses in more detail the major political events and doctrinal issues of a period in which the author, as secretary of the Trotskyist Partido Obrero Revolucionario, himself frequently played an active part. Despite the radical upheaval that occurred in the fifties and the mobilisation of broad sectors of the population around such radical objectives as direct property seizures, union-nominated ministers and union, military and worker control, the labour movement was unable to maintain its conquests in the 1960s. The concluding chapters describe the period of renewed military repression and the continuing efforts of the labour movement to resist.

#28

Coronelismo

The Municipality and Representative Government in Brazil

1949

Since its first appearance in Brazil in 1949, Victor Nunes Leal's Coronelismo, Enxada e Voto, here entitled Coronelismo: the Municipality and Representative Government in Brazil, has come to be recognized as a classic analysis of the system that emerges from 'the superimposition of structural forms evolved through the representative process on an inadequate social and economic structure'. The text is here published without any substantial change or addition, according to the author's wish. His insights and approach remain as suggestive as when they first appeared; as Barbosa Lima Sobrinho pointed out in the preface to the second Brazilian edition, the work is not only the analysis of a structure, but the record of that structure and of the arguments about it at a certain time, a record important in itself. Its place in the development of political analysis in Brazil is set out in Alberto Venancio Filho's introduction: 'a divide in the history of political science in Brazil... the first landmark of the study of politics in our Universities'. The work is recognized everywhere as an essential text for the student of that country.

#29

Drought and Irrigation in North-East Brazil

1978

Agriculture—Economic aspects—Brazil, Northeast. Droughts—Brazil, Northeast.

#30

Merchants of Buenos Aires 1778–1810

Family and Commerce

1978

By the end of the eighteenth century, Buenos Aires was one of the major commercial entrepots of the Spanish American empire. Chief among the beneficiaries of the new prosperity of the area were the wholesale merchants, a group of men who came to control the commerce of the entire Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata. This study, a contribution to the fields of social history and group biography, looks at the formation of the merchant group, and at the social patterns which assured the merchants' primacy in the economic and social life of the colony. Origin, education, recruitment, group perpetuation and social mobility are treated in depth. The role of women and marriage in recruiting individual merchants into mercantile families and clans is a central issue. Professor Socolow also looks at the merchants' roles in commerce and society, lay religious institutions and local government. A biography of one merchant, Gaspar de Santa Coloma, provides a case study of the multiple roles of a porteno merchant.

#31

Foreign Immigrants in Early Bourbon Mexico, 1700–1760

1979

The kings of Spain forbade foreigners and other 'undesirables' to immigrate to Spanish America. They saw aliens as threatening imperial, religious and mercantile security, and it might therefore be assumed that the Spaniards were xenophobic and intolerant. Dr Nunn's study shows that statutes tell only part of the story. In the years 1700–60 some 3 per cent of the foreign-born in Mexico were non-Spaniards who had entered the colony illegally. Who were these people, where did they come from, and what were their motives? In answering these questions, Dr Nunn demonstrates how illegal immigrants often escaped official detection and how even those known to the authorities were usually allowed to remain and make new lives for themselves. Neither Protestant nor Jew went to the stake in eighteenth-century Mexico. Harassment was more likely to come from officials seeking funds for an impecunious government than from the Inquisition.

#32

Haciendas and Ranchos in the Mexican Bajío

León 1700–1860

1979

During the eighteenth century the Bajio emerged from its frontier condition to become the pace-maker of the Mexican economy. Silver mining boomed and population increased rapidly. It is the aim of this book to examine the impact of these dramatic changes on the structure of agricultural production and the pattern of rural society. In his Miners and Merchants in Bourbon Mexico 1763–1810 (Cambridge Latin American Studies 10) Dr Grading demonstrated how the local entrepreneurial elite accumulated vast fortunes during the mining bonanza at Guanajuato. In this present work he describes how many of the same men invested their capital in the purchase and improvement of haciendas in the nearby district of Leon. The countryside was transformed as wasteland was cleared for ploughing, or was irrigated.

#33

Modernization in a Mexican Ejido

1979

Shelf wear and scratiching to jacket. Minor shelf wear to hard cover spine.

#34

From Dessalines to Duvalier

Race, Colour and National Independence in Haiti

1979

In this lively, provocative, and well-documented history, David Nicholls discusses the impact of "color" on the political relationship between the black majority and the mulatto elite during almost two hundred years of Haitian history. The divisive factor impeding harmony in Haitian culture, argues Nicholls, has not been race, but color. Identifying themselves as non-white, blacks and mulattos acknowledge racial unity. But color divisions, reinforced by religious, regional, and class differences, have nonetheless prevented the two groups from achieving poltitical and ideological unity. Nicholls grounds this sophisticated analysis in great historical detail and engaging, witty prose. Students and general readers alike will delight in this insightful and informative history of Haiti.

#35

A Socioeconomic History of Argentina, 1776-1860

1979

This book surveys Argentina's development from the establishment of the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata within the Spanish-American empire to the building of the first railways in the independent nation. Two aspects of Argentina's development receive special attention. First, the author examines the international markets for Argentina's products, taking into account the industrial revolution then under way in Europe and the United States. Second, he discusses the influence of traditional native technology on Argentine production and transport. In addition to describing commercial development at the port of Buenos Aires, the study discusses the expansion of ranching and farming onto the virgin pampas. Although the prosperity of Buenos Aires was not duplicated in the interior provinces, the export trade did permit commercial recovery from depression and civil war throughout Argentina. The author concludes that the conventional dependent or neo-colonial theory of Latin American development does not apply to Argentina's economic expansion. The staple theory of economic growth proves to be more accurate, for the linkages produced by the export trade actually diversified domestic economic activity and broadened entrepreneurial and labour opportunities in Argentina.

#36

Coffee in Colombia, 1850–1970

An Economic, Social and Political History

1980

In this book, Marco Palacios explores the history of Colombia as a coffee-producer, and the implications that coffee has had for its economy, society, and politics since the middle of the nineteenth century. He provides a history of the commercialization of the crop, and relates it to the general evolution of Colombian society, an evolution often determined by coffee even in areas remote from the crop itself. The book also covers the development of the specific institutions that have been set up to manage coffee affairs, and their role in the Colombian state. Since the last quarter of the nineteenth century coffee has been the mainstay of the Colombian economy, and no historian, economist, or sociologist interested in the country can escape its importance; nor can anyone interested in the commodity ignore Colombia. This is the first work on the subject to appear in English.

#38

Caudillo and Peasant in the Mexican Revolution

1980

Until quite recently, the Mexican Revolution was usually defined as an agrarian movement, as a peasant war, with Emiliano Zapata, leader of the villagers of Morelos, taken as its most typical figure. Yet this interpretation leaves many questions unanswered. It ignores the sheer diversity in both regional background and social goals of the revolutionary forces. It does not explain why the partition of the great estates and effective land distribution was delayed until the 1930s, almost two decades after the cessation of hostilities. More important, it fails to account for the emergence of a one party political system, in which the resources of the state are concentrated on industrialization and economic growth. This book consists of case-studies and general perspectives, all based on research, which follow the careers of several caudillos, some conservative, some progressive, with the aim of analysing the means by which these revolutionary chieftains first obtained power and then promoted or opposed the authority of the national state.

#39

The Struggle for Land

A Political Economy of the Pioneer Frontier in Brazil from 1930 to the Present Day

2002

Widespread violence, legal chicanery and ruthless profiteering have come to characterise the expansion of the agricultural frontier in Brazil. With the advance of this frontier, the pioneering peasants, on the one hand, and large landowners and large economic enterprise, on the other, have become locked in an increasingly bitter struggle for land. In his book, Joe Foweraker draws on extensive empirical research to demonstrate the dimensions and dynamics of the struggle. It is his contention that the process can only be understood in relation to the patterns of economic accumulation in the national society and to the typical forms of political intervention on the frontier. In this way the argument moves beyond descriptive, moral or realpolitik explanations of the political violence and bureaucratic malpractice on the frontier, and integrates these elements into a theoretical account of accumulation and class struggle on the frontier, and of the characteristic mediations of this struggle.

#42

Revolution from Without

Yucatán, Mexico, and the United States, 1880-1924

1982

By focusing on Yucatan, this history of the Mexican Revolution not only advances the understanding of the Revolution in that region but also contributes to the understanding of the Revolution as a whole. If historians agree on anything in the highly charged field of Mexican revolutionary history, it is that the Revolution can no longer be viewed as a monolithic event. It was a series of regional phenomena, each governed by a set of local social, economic, political, geographical, and cultural factors. Thus far, historians have concentrated on the victorious caudilloled armies of the north, which was the birthplace of the Revolution, or on the popular social movements of central Mexico, most notably Zapatismo, the agrarian movements of Veracruz and Michoacan, and the more widespread Cristero rebellion. In bypassing southeastern Mexico, modern writers seem to have concurred with the assessment of some contemporary observers that, in the remote Yucatan peninsula, the Revolution followed a strange and exceptional course. Professor Joseph shows that in certain respects, Yucatan's revolutionary experience was indeed unique. It was later to arrive, less violent, and probably more radical in its first decade than it was elsewhere in the republic. Although Yucatan was not important in the genesis and early development of the Revolution, it became a celebrated social laboratory, first for bourgeois reform under Constitutionalist general Salvador Alvarado, and later for 'socialist' experiment under civilian governor Felipe Carrillo Puerto. Professor Joseph argues that the Yucatecan case has important implications for understanding such central problems as export dependency and regional development, agrarian reform, mass mobilization and caciquismo (bossism), and the relationship between revolutionary ideology and practice.

#43

Juan Vicente Gómez and the Oil Companies in Venezuela, 1908-1935

1983

After looking briefly at the reasons for the oil fraternity's choice of Venezuela, the book examines the relationship between Gómez's government and the oil companies during this period. It deals with the government's initial encouragement, legislation, and unsuccessful attempts to increase production from the small number of companies operating before 1919. The important local links between the oil companies and vested interests, including Gómez's family and entourage, are examined to determine the level of interaction between the two groups. The socio-economic effects of the companies are looked at in detail to ascertain their impact, both regionally and nationally, on agriculture, trade, currency fluctuations, industry and politics. Finally, the government's reaction to this and the degree of control exercised over the exploitation of its natural resources are examined.

#44

Law and Politics in Aztec Texcoco

1984

This book addresses two important deficiencies in the fields of Aztec studies and the anthropology of law. It is the first modern analysis of the legal system of any Aztec state and the first comprehensive study of the history and culture of Texcoco, the second most important Aztec city. Law controlled the institutions and processes that were of central importance in all Aztec societies, such as land tenure, inheritance, kinship relations, business, trade, and local and imperial administration. This analysis of the Aztec legal system provides a guide to the poorly understood social and political structures of the various Aztec states and the political dynamics within these states. Legal change, internal factionalism, and Texcocan jurisprudence are examined as important indicators of social and cultural transformations. Offner has concentrated on discovering relationships inherent in the Aztec data rather than interpreting data in terms of externally derived evolutionary theories. By presenting Texcocan legal systems within the context of other major sociocultural subsystems, this work should provide students of Aztec society and of the anthropology of law with new and reliable findings for further substantive and theoretical elaboration.

#45

Brazil's State-Owned Enterprises

A Case Study of the State as Entrepreneur

1983

This book provides a systematic analysis of the performance of Brazil's large state-owned enterprises. The Brazilian economic system encourages private enterprise, but the government itself owns and operates such critical industries as petrochemicals, steel, electricity and telecommunications. The Brazilian state has assumed the role of an entrepreneur not for ideological reasons, but as a pragmatic means of speeding up the process of economic growth. The author examines the economic and financial performance of these state-owned enterprises in terms of their contribution to economic growth. He concludes that in Brazil they have been effective substitutes for private investment in a number of strategic industries and that their ability to assemble large amounts of capital, to attract skilled managers, and to earn reasonable profits permitted the Brazilian economy to grow more rapidly during the 1960s and 1970s than would have been the case in their absence.

#46

Early Latin America

A History of Colonial Spanish America and Brazil

1983

A brief general history of Latin America in the period between the European conquest and the independence of the Spanish American countries and Brazil serves as an introduction to this quickly changing field of study. Cambridge Latin American Studies #46

#47

Capitalist Development and the Peasant Economy in Peru

1984

This study analyses the functioning of the peasant economy in Peru in the context of the present predominantly capitalist system. The central themes are the economic relationships of the peasantry to the rest of the economy of the country and the role of the peasant economy in the entire system, together with the changes that have taken place in that role over time. These themes are investigated by means of a study in detail of a sample of peasant communities in the most traditional and backward region of Peru, the southern sierra. The historical process has generated in Peru one of the most extreme cases of inequality, rural poverty and cultural duality. Nowhere else does the notion of 'economic duality' seem more applicable. Thus an investigation of the case of Peru has methodological value for the understanding of the peasant economy throughout Latin America, and the results of this survey have important implications for the whole region.

#48

Miners, Peasants and Entrepreneurs

Regional Development in the Central Highlands of Peru

1984

This volume traces the development of the central highlands, one of Peru's major mining regions. It draws on extensive fieldwork carried out in Peru between 1970 and 1982, spanning a reforming military government, reaction and a return to civilian politics under Belaunde. Through historical material combined with field studies of villages and of the major town of the region, Huancayo, the book examines the economic and cultural processes underlying the 'progressive' reputation of the region in Peru and in the literature on development. Since the major enterprise of the region, the Cerro de Pasco Mining Corporation, was, until the 1970s, foreign owned, a persisting theme is the type of economic growth associated with and the distortions produced by, foreign capitalist economic enclaves on predominantly peasant economies. The political consequences are examined, showing the weakness of regional interest groups and the failure of contemporary regional development policies.

#49

Unions and Politics in Mexico

The Case of the Automobile Industry

1984

The orthodox view of Mexican history asserts that the political stability and rapid economic growth of the post-war period were due inter alia to state control over the labour movement. On the evidence of his extensive research in Mexico between 1977 and 1982, Ian Roxborough challenges this conventional wisdom, arguing that control over Mexican unions has been more fragile and problematic than appears at first sight. Taking the car industry as a case study, he discusses the upsurge of industrial militancy in the 1970s and explores its possible implications for continued political stability. Focusing on variations in the factory-level organisations of the working class, the account in this book de-emphasises theories which stress class consciousness or which focus on the aristocracy of labour, in favour of a theory that places political and organisational power at the centre of analysis. This study of the grass roots of industrial militancy will have relevance not only for the study of contemporary Mexico but also for general explanations of the politics of labour in the Third World.

#50

Housing, the State and the Poor

Policy and Practice in Three Latin American Cities

1985

Originally published in 1985, this book is concerned with the housing and service needs of the poor in Latin America and how they are articulated and satisfied. It examines the aims and implementation of government policies towards low-income housing dwellers and tries to relate those policies to the wider interests of the state. It discusses how the poor perceive the constraints on barrio servicing and improvement, their involvement in community organisations and the role the community and its leaders play in influencing state action. Since housing and servicing issues directly impinge on the interests of politicians, bureaucrats, landowners and real-estate developers, as well as on those of the poor, patterns of provision mirror closely the nature of the relationships between the poor and the wider urban society. The main theme of this book is thus the allocation of resources within urban society and the operation of political and administrative power at city level. The book will interest not only those concerned with housing and planning but also those who wish to understand social and economic policies towards the poor in most kinds of Third World city.

#51

Tobacco on the Periphery

A Case Study in Cuban Labour History, 1860-1958

1985

This unique study of a sector of the Cuban working class links its history to that of the tobacco industry in the wider national and international context. Dr Stubbs, who has lived and worked in Cuba for fifteen years, tells the story of the agricultural and industrial development of the industry from its nineteenth-century beginnings to the establishment of the communist regime. She traces the growth of a strong tobacco oligarchy, peasant grower class and urban salaried work force alongside slave and indentured labour, and examines how a prestigious manufacturing country was transformed into an exporter of leaf. The study penetrates the finer socio-political aspects of the changing nature and composition of peasantry and proletariat, including the peculiar interlacing of race, gender and skill, to take a closer look at hitherto obscure areas of class action and national and class consciousness, be it reformism, anarcho-syndicalism, revolutionary nationalism, socialism or communism.

#52

Sugar Plantations in the Formation of Brazilian Society

Bahia, 1550-1835

1985

This study examines the history of the sugar economy and the peculiar development of plantation society over a three hundred year period in Bahia, a major sugar plantation zone and an important terminus of the Atlantic slave trade. Drawing on little-used archival sources, plantations accounts, and notarial records, Professor Schwartz has examined through both quantitative and qualitative methods the various groups that made up plantation society. While he devotes much attention to masters and slaves, he views slavery ultimately as part of a larger structure of social and economic relations. The peculiarities of sugar-making and the nature of plantation labour are used throughout the book as keys to an understanding of roles and relationships in plantation society. A comparative perspective is also employed, so that studies of slavery elsewhere in the Americas inform the analysis, while at many points direct comparisons of the Bahian case with other plantation societies are also made.

#53

The Province of Buenos Aires and Argentine Politics, 1912–1943

1985

Buenos Aires is Argentina's wealthiest, largest, and most populous province, and has long been the key prize in all major electoral struggles, has received little scholarly attention. This first account of its political history between 1912 and 1943 underscores its role as a vital factor in national political life. Particular attention is given to the part the province has played in national presidential elections, the relationship between provincial administrations and the national government, and the struggle between the two principal political parties, the Partido Conservador and the Union Civica Radical, which vied for control of the province during the early part of this century. Based on a wide range of sources, including newspapers, government documents, archival sources, and personal interviews, the book describes the fascinating political interplay of competing forces in the most important electoral arena of one of Latin America's most important countries.

#54

The Mexican Revolution, Volume 1

Porfirians, Liberals, and Peasants

1986

The Mexican Revolution was like no it was fueled by no vanguard party, no coherent ideology, no international ambitions; and ultimately it served to reinforce rather than to subvert many of the features of the old regime it overthrew. Alan Knight argues that a populist uprising brought about the fall of longtime dictator Porfirio Díaz in 1910. It was one of those "relatively rare episodes in history when the mass of the people profoundly influenced events." In this first of two volumes Knight shows how urban liberals joined in uneasy alliance with agrarian interests to install Francisco Madero as president and how his attempts to bring constitutional democracy to Mexico were doomed by counter-revolutionary forces. The Mexican Revolution illuminates on all levels, local and national, the complex history of an era. Rejecting fashionable Marxist and revisionist interpretations, it comes as close as any work can to being definitive.

#55

The Mexican Revolution, Volume 2

Counter-revolution and Reconstruction

1986

Volume 2 of The Mexican Revolution begins with the army counter-revolution of 1913, which ended Francisco Madero's liberal experiment and installed Victoriano Huerta's military rule. After the overthrow of the brutal Huerta, Venustiano Carranza came to the forefront, but his provisional government was opposed by Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata, who come powefully to life in Alan Knight's book. Knight offers a fresh interpretation of the great schism of 1914-15, which divided the revolution in its moment of victory, and which led to the final bout of civil war between the forces of Villa and Carranza. By the end of this brilliant study of a popular uprising that deteriorated into political self-seeking and vengeance, nearly all the leading players have been assassinated. In the closing pages, Alan Knight ponders the essential what had the revolution changed? His two-volume history, at once dramatic and scrupulously documented, goes against the grain of traditional assessments of the "last great revolution."

#57

Catholic Colonialism

A Parish History of Guatemala, 1524–1821

1986

The parish was the fundamental ecclesiastical institution brought by Spain to the New World, and perhaps even the principal instrument of empire. This pioneering study traces the origins and development of the parishes of a single Central American diocese from conquest to independence. Drawing widely on Guatemalan archive sources, it presents a detailed picture of the colonial church at parish level. During the eighteenth century almost all regular parishes were secularized. This brought to an end the ecclesiastical state within a a republic of priests and Indians. Although the Crown had decreed that the Christian faith had to be presented in its purest form, uncontaminated by worldly influences, a system of vested interests sprang up with the first conversions. Viewed in the most prosaic terms, her parochial incomes made the church the greatest business of the colonial period.

#58

The Agrarian Question and the Peasant Movement in Colombia

Struggles of the National Peasant Association, 1967–1981

1986

In this book, Leon Zamosc provides an account of the history of ANUC and its struggle on three main fronts: for land, for the defence of the colonists, and for the protection of smallholders. The main focus of the book is on the land struggles. Professor Zamosc adopts a structural perspective, examining the agrarian contradictions that propelled the peasant struggles, the changing relationship between the peasant movement and the state, and the political and ideological content of the peasant challenge. He explores these issues in the light of the shifting patterns of class alignments and antagonisms that marked the rise and decline of peasant radicalism during the 1970s, and offers some suggestions about the significance of ANUC's struggles for the understanding of peasant movements in general.

#59

Roots of Insurgency

Mexican Regions, 1750–1824

1986

Studies in Spanish American regional history have, as yet, made little attempt to incorporate the struggles for independence within the context of provincial society and politics viewed over the broader period that spans the late colonial and early national experience of Latin America. This book attempts a new it emphasises the provincial milieu and popular participation in its varied forms, often ambiguous and contradictory. The central aim is to examine social conflicts, chiefly in the Mexican provinces of Puebla, Guadalajara, Michoacán, and Guanajuato from the middle of the eighteenth century, and to assess their relationship to the widespread insurgency of the second decade of the nineteenth century.

#60

Latin America and the Comintern, 1919-1943

1986

This study of relations between Latin America and the Third (Communist) International or Comintern examines the rather patchy start the organisation made in the region and analyses the definitely and, for some Latin American Communists, rather humiliatingly, peripheral position occupied by Latin America in the organisation's doctrinal formulations. It demonstrates that Latin America was restricted to a supporting role in the world revolution espoused by Moscow, indeed Latin American Communists were expected to pay attention to the insignificant Communist Party of the United States. Nevertheless, the Comintern did put into play a number of important political and theoretical concepts, some of which were taken up by far more successful, and often anti-Communist, political movements in the region. Based on a wide variety of Latin American and European sources, this lively and well argued account will interest historians of the international Communist movement as well as students of modern Latin America.

#61

Ambivalent Conquests

Maya & Spaniard in Yucatan 1517-70

1987

s/t: Maya & Spaniard in Yucatan 1517-1570 In what is both a specific study of conversion in a corner of the Spanish Empire and a work with implications for the understanding of European domination and native resistance throughout the colonial world, Inga Clendinnen explores the intensifying conflict between competing and increasingly divergent Spanish visions of Yucatan and its destructive outcomes. In Ambivalent Conquests Clendinnen penetrates the thinking and feeling of the Mayan Indians in a detailed reconstruction of their assessment of the intruders. This new edition contains a preface by the author where she reflects upon the book's contribution in the past fifteen years. Inga Clendinnen is Emeritus scholar, LaTrobe University, Australia. Her books include the acclaimed Reading the Holocaust (Cambridge, 1999), named a Best Book of the Year by the New York Times Book Review, and Aztec: An Interpretation (Cambridge, 1995), and Tiger's Eye: A Memoir (Scribner, 2001).

#62

A Tropical Belle Epoque

Elite Culture and Society in Turn-of-the-Century Rio de Janeiro

1987

This book, originally published in 1987, is a socio-cultural analysis of a tropical belle epoque: Rio de Janeiro between 1898 and 1914. It relates how the city's elite evolved from the semi-rural, slave-owning patriarchy of the coffee-port seat of a monarchy into an urbane, professional, rentier upper crust dominating the centre of a 'modernising' oligarchical republic. It explores such varied topics as architecture, literature, prostitution, urban reform, the family, secondary schools, and the salon. It evokes a milieu increasingly marked by Europe, demonstrating how French and English culture permeated the lives of elite members who adapted it to their needs and perspectives as a dominant stratum of relatively recent and varied origin. This exploration of cultural 'dependency' in a unique, cosmopolitan, fin-de-siecle urban culture will also interest those concerned with the broader questions of culture and colonialism during the high tide of European imperialism.

#63

The Political Economy of Central America since 1920

1987

In this book Victor Bulmer-Thomas uses his previously unpublished estimates of the national accounts to explore economic and social development in the five Central American republics from 1920. He examines in detail variations in economic policy between countries which help to account for differences in performance. The major political developments are woven into the analysis and linked to changes in internal and external conditions. Growth under liberal oligarchic rule in the 1920s, heavily dependent on exports of coffee and bananas, was accompanied by modest reform programmes. The 1929 depression, which hit the region hard, undermined most of the reforms and ushered in a period of dictatorial rule in all republics except Costa Rica. The Second World War, particularly after the entry of the United States, at first strengthened the dictatorships, but ultimately produced challenges to rule by authoritarian caudillos. The social upheavals accompanying the post-war export-led boom forced governments in each republic to address the question of economic, social and political reform.

#64

Resistance and Integration

Peronism and the Argentine Working Class, 1946-1976

1988

This book analyzes the relationship between Peronism and the Argentine working class from the foundation of the Peronist movement in the mid 1940s to the overthrow of Peron's widow in 1976. It presents an account of such crucial issues as the role of the Peronist union bureaucracy and the impact of the Peronist ideology on workers. Drawing on a variety of untapped sources, Daniel James confronts many of the dominant myths that have surrounded the movement. He argues that its role in containing working-class militancy cannot be explained solely in terms of manipulation, corruption, or union gangsterism.

#65

South America and the First World War

The Impact of the War on Brazil, Argentina, Peru and Chile

1988

The collapse of this economy in August 1914 and its subsequent restructuring, therefore, created extremely testing conditions for peripheral countries. These conditions and the way in which they were dealt with help to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the variants of the primary-export-based capitalist development which had taken root here. Also, as had happened in Europe, the war witnessed far-reaching political and social changes in the region, associated in the main with the emergence of a more vocal urban middle class and a more combative working class. By considering within a fully comparative perspective some of the main elements of both economic and socio-political change in four major Latin American countries during the war years, this study provides many important new insights into the nature and limitations of pre-war growth as well as the significance of the many changes brought by the war.

#66

The Politics of Coalition Rule in Colombia

1988

From 1958 to 1986, Colombian politics were characterised by a series of coalition governments. This book analyses the historical antecedents, establishment and subsequent evolution of the political regime created in 1958. For most of this period, the country was governed by a National Front power-sharing system between the Conservatives and the Liberals, the country's two major parties. This system was initially established to prevent a return to the intense violence between the parties that had earlier led to a political breakdown and military rule. In crucial respects, the Colombian governing arrangement was similar to a number of other cases of coalition governments (termed consociational democracies), to which it is compared in the book.

#67

The Demography of Inequality in Brazil

1988

This book examines how transformations in Brazil's social, economic and political organization affect the demographic behaviour of people who live in different parts of the country and who occupy different positions in the social system. The authors review the history of unequal development and document the concentration of income and land ownership. Using data from the 1970 and 1980 censuses, they show how the Brazilian style of economic growth unequally affected different population subgroups. Mortality estimates for white and non-white people measure the consequences of racial inequality on the life chances of children. Other chapters investigate rural out-migration, the impact of Amazon colonization schemes on rural poverty, and the implications of differential rates of population growth among rich and poor households for future patterns of inequality and underemployment. The overall perspective places the concept of inequality at the centre of the study of demographic and structural change.

#68

House and Street

The Domestic World of Servants and Masters in Nineteenth-Century Rio de Janeiro

1988

During the later half of the nineteenth century, a majority of Brazilian women worked, most as domestic servants, either slave or free. House and Street re-creates the working and personal lives of these women, drawing on a wealth of documentation from archival, court, and church records. Lauderdale Graham traces the intricate and ambivalent relations that existed between masters and servants. She shows how for servants the house could be a place of protection—as well as oppression—while the street could be dangerous—but also more autonomous. She integrates her discoveries with larger events taking place in Rio de Janeiro during the period, including the epidemics of the 1850s, the abolition of slavery, the demolition of slums, and major improvements in sanitation during the first decade of the 1900s.

#69

Power and the Ruling Classes in Northeast Brazil

Juazeiro and Petrolina in Transition

1990

In this case study of the structure of power and ruling class domination, the author analyzes the political economy of Juazeiro, Bahia, and Petrolina, Pernambuco while focusing on the history of patriarchal families, ruling class, and patrimonial governments. He shows that the ruling classes benefited from the outside capital of the State and corporations, but that the State is an all pervasive force that facilitates the reproduction of advanced forms of capital. An essential issue is how the local ruling class relates to the State and national and multinational capital, for it is clear that the full development of productive forces in the region has not been achieved and that the transition to capitalism, while underway, has not yet been completed.

#70

The Politics of Memory

Native Historical Interpretation in the Colombian Andes

1990

Hardcover with unclipped dust jacket, in very good condition. From the collection of the late Professor Malcolm Deas, an English historian who specialised in the study of Latin America. Jacket edges are creased and nicked, including a tiny tear. Page block is very lightly blemished. Boards are clean, binding is sound and pages are clear. LW

#71

Native Society and Disease in Colonial Ecuador

1992

This book examines the relationship between indigenous populations in the north-central highlands of Ecuador and disease, especially those infections introduced by Europeans during the sixteenth century. Disease, of course, existed in the Americas long before 1500. But just as native societies resisted and eventually adapted to European conquest, so too did they adapt to Old World pathogens. Just as the responses of Indian communities to the economic and political demands of Spaniards varied over time, so too did the immunological responses of indigenous populations change over generations. What began in the sixteenth century as contact and invasion soon would involve both Indians and Europeans in a new history of biological, as well as social, adaptation.

#72

Negotiating Democracy

Politicians and Generals in Uruguay

1991

Uruguay was once the most stable democracy in Latin America, but in 1973 the military seized power for the first time. Political parties did not disappear, however, even though they were made illegal. By the 1980s Uruguay's generals were anxious to find a way to withdraw from power. Yet they continued to insist on certain guarantees as the price for holding elections. The issue of whether to make any concessions to the military came to divide the country's three major parties—the Blancos, the Colorados, and the Left. Nevertheless, the latter two parties eventually did agree to a pact in July 1984. The military agreed to return to the barracks and the politicians made an implicit commitment not to prosecute them for their past human rights violations.

#73

La República Central en México, 1835-1846

"Hombres de Bien" en la época de Santa Anna

1993

Gran parte de la llamada época de Santa Anna en la historia del México independiente sigue siendo, aún hoy, un misterio. Ningún decenio ha sido tan mal comprendido como el que transcurrió entre los años 1835-1846. Desde que México se emancipó de España había hecho el experimento de una monarquía y de una República Federal, pero cada una solo había engendrado continuos disturbios políticos e intervenciones militares. En 1834 la élite gobernante, o sea los llamados "hombres de bien", llegó a la conclusión de que la única solución a los problemas era un gobierno republicano centralizado. De este modo se organizó en 1835 la República central, pero una vez más surgieron luchas civiles, estancamiento económico y asonadas militares que se extendieron hasta 1846, cuando estalló una desastrosa guerra contra los Estados Unidos en la que México perdería la mitad de su territorio. Con una vasta investigación en archivos de la época, Michael P. Costeloe analiza las personalidades y los antecedentes de los políticos y militares que decidieron abandonar el federalismo, las medidas políticas que introdujeron, las presiones a las que se enfrentaron y el fracaso final de su intento de dar a su patria estabilidad política y progreso económico. Con su análisis de los partidos políticos y de la opinión pública, el autor se propone explicar por qué la inestabilidad crónica que comenzó desde 1820 continuó con la misma plétora de ideas en conflicto, facciones y revueltas. En este primer estudio completo de los que han sido llamados años olvidados de la historia de México, Costeloe arroja nueva luz sobre personalidades tan olvidadas como Anastasio Bustamante, Manuel Gómez Pedraza y Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga y, ante todo, sobre la carrera del siempre polémico Antonio López de Santa Anna.

#74

Politics and Urban Growth in Buenos Aires, 1910–1942

1993

Buenos Aires is Argentina's national capital and largest city. This book describes the development of the city during the period from 1910 to the early 1940s. It focuses on the role of politics and local government in the evolution of the city, detailing elections, party competition, and debates on important public works issues. The political story is set within the larger context of the overall growth of the capital. This is the first work to cover comprehensively the history of the city for this period and the first to concentrate on the neglected topic of local government.

#75

Colombia before Independence

Economy, Society, and Politics under Bourbon Rule

1993

This book describes and analyzes economic and political developments in Colombia during the final century of Spanish rule. Its purpose is first, to provide a general portrait of Colombian society during the late colonial period, showing the character of economic, social, and political life in the territory's principal regions; second, to assess the impact on the region of European imperialist expansion during the eighteenth century; and third, to provide a context for understanding the causes of independence. The book offers the only available survey of Colombian history and historiography for this period.

#76

Power and Violence in the Colonial City

Oruro from the Mining Renaissance to the Rebellion of Tupac Amaru (1740–1782)

1995

This book examines the characteristics of political power in the cities of the colonial Spanish Empire between the 1740s and 1780s, based on a detailed study of the mining city of Oruro in Alto Peru (present-day Bolivia), emphasizing the workings of the judicial system and the role of the bureaucracy. Toward the end of this period, the analysis focuses on the Indian uprisings of the 1780s (the rebellions of Tupac Amaru) and the reasons that led to the alliances or confrontations between the actors of the distinct bands, whether white or Indian.

#77

The Economic History of Latin America Since Independence

1995

This book covers the economic history of Latin America from independence in the 1820s to the present. It stresses the differences between Latin American countries while recognizing the similar external influences to which the region has been subject. Victor Bulmer-Thomas notes the failure of the region to close the gap in living standards between it and the United States and explores the reasons. He also examines the new paradigm taking shape in Latin America since the debt crisis of the 1980s and asks whether this new economic model will be able to bring the growth and equity that the region desperately needs. First Edition Hb (1995): 0-521-36329-2 First Edition Pb (1995): 0-521-36872-3

#78

Business Interest Groups in Nineteenth-Century Brazil

1994

This book is the first to describe the role of business interest groups, also known as pressure groups, in the development of Brazil during the nineteenth century. Business interest groups strongly affected the modernization and prosperity of agriculture, the pace of industrialization, and patterns of communications. The commercial associations, the most important of business interest groups, also may be seen as institutions through which ties of dependency to better-developed nations overseas were maintained.

#80

The Kingdom of Quito, 1690–1830

The State and Regional Development

1995

Spanish colonialism exacted a high price from its subjects, promoting economic dependency at the expense of a more vital, diversified economy based on a mix of industry and agriculture. The result was a legacy of underdevelopment, domestic social inequities, and economic subordination to the North Atlantic world. This volume examines how Spanish colonial policies contributed to profound socioeconomic changes, leading to patterns of underdevelopment in the Kingdom of Quito (modern Ecuador) from 1690 to 1830.

#81

The Revolutionary Mission

American Enterprise in Latin America, 1900–1945

1996

During the twentieth century, American corporations have spread American material productivity and American values such as consumerism and competitiveness around the globe. People in other nations have accepted some aspects of American corporate culture while vehemently rejecting others. The Revolutionary Mission is the first book to explore the impact of American corporate culture on Latin American societies and to examine its influence on the populist nationalist movements of the 1930s.

#82

A History of Chile, 1808-2002

1996

Providing an overview of Chilean history for the general reader as well as the specialist, this text employs primary and secondary materials to analyze the nation's political, economic, and social evolution from independence to 2002. Unlike other works, the volume examines in depth the most recent events of Chile's history: the diversification of its economy, spread of democratic institutions, improvement of public health, and emergence of a rich intellectual culture. First Edition Hb (1996): 0-521-56075-6 First Edition Pb (1996): 0-521-56827-7

#84

The Independence of Spanish America

1996

This book provides a new interpretation of the process of Spanish American independence (1808-1826); one that emphasizes political processes and cultural continuities, instead of the break with Spain. It is the first book to examine the representative government and popular elections introduced by the Spanish Constitution of 1812. Rodríguez O. argues that independence did not constitute an anticolonial movement, as many scholars assert, but rather formed part of the broader Spanish political revolution. In America, supporters of the government in Spain struggled with local juntas for control.

#85

Slavery and the Demographic and Economic History of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 1720–1888

1999

This book examines the demographic and economic history of slavery in Minas Gerais, the single largest slave-holding region in Brazil, from its settlement in the early eighteenth century until the abolition of Brazilian slavery in 1888. This slave population was remarkable in its ability to diversify economically as well as to increase through natural reproduction, rather than through importation via the trans-Altantic slave trade. Extensively researched and finely documented, this book places the history of a unique Brazilian slave community into comparative perspective.

#86

Between Revolution and the Ballot Box

The Origins of the Argentine Radical Party in the 1890s

2000

Founded in 1891, the Unión Cívica Radical, generally known as the Radical Party, is the oldest national political party in Argentina. As the strongest opposition party during the 1890s, a pivotal decade in the birth of Argentina's party system, the Radical Party effected a critical development in Argentine it created a system of open confrontation and political competition. This study offers not merely a revised version of the party's story but also a new perspective on the politics of the nation as a whole.

#87

Andrés Bello

Scholarship and Nation-Building in Nineteenth-Century Latin America

2001

This is the first book-length biography of Andrés Bello, the nineteenth-century Latin American intellectual, to appear in English. Bello was also a poet, a literary critic, and an influential statesman whose contributions to nation-building and Spanish American identity are widely recognized across the region. This work provides a comprehensive interpretation of Bello's work, gives an account of Bello's life based on new information from archives in four countries, and sheds new light on this critical period in Latin American history.

#88

Deference and Defiance in Monterrey

Workers, Paternalism, and Revolution in Mexico, 1890–1950

2003

Michael Snodgrass explores how workers and industrialists perceived, responded to and helped determine the outcome of Mexico's revolution over a sixty-year period. His study begins with Monterrey's emergence as one of Latin-America's preeminent industrial cities and home to Mexico's most powerful business group. Snodgrass explores the roots of two distinct and enduring systems of industrial relations that were historical outcomes of the revolution: company paternalism and militant unionism. This book offers an urban and industrial perspective to a history of revolutionary Mexico overshadowed by studies of the countryside.

#89

Chile

La Construcción de una República, 1830-1865: Política e Ideas

1999

Este libro del historiador Simon Collier, destacado especialista en la historia chilena del siglo XIX, presenta la construcción de nuestra república como una obra lenta y colectiva, en la que junto a la labor de las elites -participación suficientemente destacada por la historiografía- figuran los sectores populares como protagonistas activos de esta formación. El autor fue historiador y profesor en la Universidad de Essex, donde llegó a desempeñarse como Director del Centro y del programa de Estudios Latinoamericanos. Posteriormente se trasladó a la Universidad de Vanderbilt, EEUU. El profesor Collier mantuvo una estrecha relación con Chile y en especial con el Instituto de Historia de la Pontificia Universidad de Chile donde dictó múltiples cursos.

#90

Shadows of Empire

The Indian Nobility of Cusco, 1750–1825

2005

The Indian nobility of the Andes—largely descended from the Inca monarchs and other pre-conquest lords—occupied a crucial economic and political position in late colonial Andean society, a position widely accepted as legitimate until the T�pac Amaru rebellion. This volume traces the history of this late colonial elite and examines the pre-conquest and colonial foundations of their privilege and authority. It brings to light the organization and the ideology of the Indian nobility in the bishopric of Cusco in the decades before the rebellion, and uses this nobility as a lens through which to study the internal organization and tension of late colonial Indian communities.

#91

Bankruptcy of Empire

Mexican Silver and the Wars between Spain, Britain, and France, 1760-1810

2007

This book emphasizes that the Spanish empire remained the third most important European state in terms of fiscal income and naval power, and first in size of territorial empire, particularly because of its colonies in Spanish America. The Spanish crown was involved in four wars with Great Britain and two wars with France during the decades 1760-1810. Colonial Mexico financed most of these wars by remitting silver in the form of taxes and loans. The expenditures of the imperial wars were so great that they eventually caused the bankruptcy of both the Spanish American colonies and of the monarchy itself.

#92

The Political Economy of Argentina in the Twentieth Century

2005

In this book, Roberto Cortés Conde describes and explains the decline of the Argentine economy in the twentieth century, its evolution, and its consequences. At the beginning of the century, the economy grew at a sustained rate, a modern transport system united the country, a massive influx of immigrants populated the land, and education expanded, leading to a dramatic fall in illiteracy. However, by the second half of the century, growth not only stalled, but a dramatic reversal occurred, and the perspectives in the median and long term turned negative, and growth eventually collapsed. This work of historical analysis defines the most important problems faced by the Argentine economy. Some of these problems were fundamental, while others occurred without being properly considered, but in their entirety, Cortés Conde demonstrates how they had a deleterious effect on the country.

#93

Politics, Markets, and Mexico's 'London Debt', 1823–1887

2009

In 1823 and 1824, the newly independent government of Mexico entered the international capital market, raising two loans in London totaling 6.4 million. Intended to cover a variety of expenses, the loans fell into default by 1827 and remained in default until 1887. This case study explores how the loan process worked in Mexico in the early nineteenth century, when foreign lending was still a novelty, and the unexpected ways in which international debt could influence politics and policy. The history of the loans, the efforts of successive governments in Mexico to resume repayment, and the efforts of the foreign lenders to recover their investment became one of the most significant, persistent, and contentious, if largely misunderstood, issues in the political and financial history of nineteenth-century Mexico. The loans themselves became entangled in partisan politics in Mexico and abroad, especially in Great Britain and France, and were a fertile source of speculation for a wide range of legitimate and not-so-legitimate international financiers, including Baring Brothers and the House of Lizardi."

#94

A History of the Khipu

2010

This book begins by proposing a theoretical model that reconciles orality-literacy studies and media theory in order to avoid the specious dichotomization of societies into those with and those without writing. The more relevant issue is the way in which a given society distributes semiotic functions among the various media that it employs and the forms of economic and political integration within which such media function. This theoretical model then informs a history of the Andean khipu from pre-Columbian times through the first 120 years of the colonial period. The first half of the book examines early Andean media and their socioeconomic and political contexts, culminating with the emergence of Wari and subsequently Inca khipu. The second half of the book documents and analyzes the continued use of khipu by indigenous individuals and communities in their interactions with Spanish officials, chroniclers, and priests. The study corrects many common misconceptions, such as the alleged mass destruction of khipu in the late sixteenth century. Even more importantly, it highlights the dialogue that occurred in the colonial period between the administrative and historiographic discourses of alphabetic Spanish and those of native Andean khipu genres.

#95

Rebellion on the Amazon

The Cabanagem, Race, and Popular Culture in the North of Brazil, 1798–1840

2010

The Brazilian Amazon experienced, in the late 1830s, one of Brazil s largest peasant and urban-poor insurrections, known as the Cabanagem. Uniquely, rebels succeeded in controlling provincial government and town councils for more than a year. In this first book-length study in English, the rebellion is placed in the context of late colonial and early national society and economy. It compares the Cabanagem with contemporaneous Latin American peasant rebellions and challenges to centralized authority in Brazil. Using unpublished documentation, it reveals contrary to other studies that insurgents were not seeking revolutionary change or separation from the rest of Brazil. Rather, rebels wanted to promote their vision of a newly independent nation and an end to exploitation by a distant power. The Cabanagem is critical to understanding why the Amazon came to be perceived as a land without history.

#96

Warfare and Shamanism in Amazonia

2012

Warfare and Shamanism in Amazonia is an ethnographic study of the Parakanã, a little-known indigenous people of Amazonia, who inhabit the interfluvial region in the state of Pará, Brazil. This book analyzes the relationship between warfare and shamanism in Parakanã society from the late 19th century until the end of the 20th century. Based on the author's extensive fieldwork, the book presents first-hand ethnographic data collected among a generation still deeply involved in conflicts. The result is an innovative work with a broad thematic and comparative scope.

#99

Black Saint of the Americas

The Life and Afterlife of Martín de Porres

2014

In May 1962, as the struggle for civil rights heated up in the United States and leaders of the Catholic Church prepared to meet for Vatican Council II, Pope John XXIII named the first black saint of the Americas, the Peruvian Martín de Porres (1579–1639), and designated him the patron of racial justice. The son of a Spanish father and a former slavewoman from Panamá, Martín served a lifetime as the barber and nurse at the great Dominican monastery in Lima. This book draws on visual representations of Martín and the testimony of his contemporaries to produce the first biography of this pious and industrious black man from the cosmopolitan capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru. The book vividly chronicles the evolving interpretations of his legend and his miracles, and traces the centuries-long campaign to formally proclaim Martín de Porres a hero of universal Catholicism.

#100

Asian Slaves in Colonial Mexico

From Chinos to Indians

2014

During the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, countless slaves from culturally diverse communities in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia journeyed to Mexico on the ships of the Manila Galleon. Upon arrival in Mexico, they were grouped together and categorized as chinos. Their experience illustrates the interconnectedness of Spain's colonies and the reach of the crown, which brought people together from Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe in a historically unprecedented way. In time, chinos in Mexico came to be treated under the law as Indians, becoming indigenous vassals of the Spanish crown after 1672. The implications of this legal change were enormous: as Indians, rather than chinos, they could no longer be held as slaves. Tatiana Seijas tracks chinos' complex journey from the slave market in Manila to the streets of Mexico City, and from bondage to liberty. In doing so, she challenges commonly held assumptions about the uniformity of the slave experience in the Americas.

#102

Indian and Slave Royalists in the Age of Revolution

Reform, Revolution, and Royalism in the Northern Andes, 1780–1825

2016

Royalist Indians and slaves in the northern Andes engaged with the ideas of the Age of Revolution (1780-1825), such as citizenship and freedom. Although generally ignored in recent revolution-centered versions of the Latin American independence processes, their story is an essential part of the history of the period. In Indian and Slave Royalists in the Age of Revolution, Marcela Echeverri draws a picture of the royalist region of Popayan (modern-day Colombia) that reveals deep chronological layers and multiple social and spatial textures. She uses royalism as a lens to rethink the temporal, spatial, and conceptual boundaries that conventionally structure historical narratives about the Age of Revolution. Looking at royalism and liberal reform in the northern Andes, she suggests that profound changes took place within the royalist territories. These emerged as a result of the negotiation of the rights of local people, Indians and slaves, with the changing monarchical regime.

#105

Before Mestizaje

The Frontiers of Race and Caste in Colonial Mexico

2017

This book opens new dimensions on race in Latin America by examining the extreme caste groups of colonial Mexico. In tracing their experiences, a broader understanding of the connection between mestizaje (Latin America's modern ideology of racial mixture) and the colonial caste system is rendered. Before mestizaje emerged as a primary concept in Latin America, an earlier precursor existed that must be taken seriously. This colonial form of racial hybridity, encased in an elastic caste system, allowed some people to live through multiple racial lives. Hence, the great fusion of races that swept Latin America and defined its modernity, carries an important corollary. Mestizaje, when viewed at its roots, is not just about mixture, but also about dissecting and reconnecting lives. Such experiences may have carved a special ability for some Latin American populations to reach across racial groups to relate with and understand multiple racial perspectives. This overlooked, deep history of mestizaje is a legacy that can be built upon in modern times.

Authors

Historiador y abogado Bogotano nacido el 13 de junio de 1944. Se graduó en leyes de la Universidad de Colombia y luego recibió su primer posgrado del Colegio de México en 1970 al concluir sus estudios sobre Asia. Posteriormente recibió su Doctorado en Filosofía de la Universidad de Oxford en Inglaterra. Al concluir sus estudios en México, se vinculó al Centro de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo, CID, de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, donde trabajó como investigador durante un periodo de dos años. Su carrera académica continuó como conferencista y ponente en distintos congresos especializados realizados en diversos países como Venezuela, Argentina, México, Cuba, Costa Rica, Francia, España y Gran Bretaña. En agosto de 1984, Marco Palacios fue nombrado rector de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Anteriormente a su nombramiento, había sido miembro del consejo de acreditación de ciencias sociales y humanidades de la misma. Ocupó el cargo de rector hasta julio de 1988. Durante su tiempo a cargo de la Universidad, Marco Palacios implementó una serie de políticas encaminadas a cerrar las viviendas estudiantiles de la universidad, pues argumentaba que muchas de estas estaban recibiendo un uso inadecuado. Igualmente, reformó el sistema de cafeterías de la universidad con el propósito de administrar mas eficientemente los recursos estatales. En el año 2003 Marco Palacios fue nombrado nuevamente rector de la Universidad Nacional para el periodo 2003-2006. Desde entonces, su política se encaminó a brindarle más autonomía a la Universidad y hacer más eficiente su manejo. Poco después de asumir el cargo propuso la reducción del periodo de estudios a cuatro años académicos.

From the University of Texas at Austin Department of History: Jonathan C. Brown has published four single-authored books: A Socioeconomic History of Argentina, 1776-1860 (1979); Oil and Revolution in Mexico (1993), Latin America: A Social History of the Colonial Period (2nd ed., 2005), and A Brief History of Argentina (2nd ed., 2009). Two of these books have been translated and published in Latin America. His first book on Argentina, published by Cambridge University Press, won the Bolton Prize. Brown also edited a collection of essays on workers and populism in Latin America and co-edited books on the Mexican oil industry and on Argentine social history.

Librarian Note: There is more than one author in the Goodreads database with this name.

Stuart B. Schwartz is Professor of History at Yale University and the former Master of Ezra Stiles College. He studied at Middlebury College, where he received his undergraduate degree, and the Universidad Autonoma de Mexico. He then went on to study Latin American History at Columbia University where he received his Ph.D. (1968). He is one of the leading specialists on the History of colonial Latin America, especially Brazil and on the history of Early Modern expansion.

Professor Emeritus and Senior Research Fellow of Hispanic and Latin American Studies at the University of Bristol. He is a Fellow of both the British Royal Historical Society and Mexico's Academia de la Historia.

William Paul McGreevey

Victor Bulmer-Thomas is professor emeritus at the University of London, honorary professor of the Institute of the Americas, University College London, and associate fellow in the U.S. and Americas Program, Chatham House, where he was Director from 2001 to 2006.

Aka Emma Darby Jean was born in Lancashire and educated in Manchester. She has written many novels and short stories for magazines and collections, several of which have been adapted for radio and television. She has lived for more than twenty years in a cottage in Cornwall, England, with her husband.

Charles Guy Gillespie

Author · 1 books

James Lockhart

Author · 7 books

Jaime E. Rodríguez O.

Author · 1 books

Joanne Rappaport

Author · 2 books

Joanne Rappaport is Professor of Anthropology and of Spanish and Portuguese at Georgetown University. She is the author of Intercultural Utopias: Public Intellectuals, Cultural Experimentation, and Ethnic Pluralism in Colombia (Duke University Press).

Celso Furtado

Author · 4 books

Oitavo ocupante da Cadeira 11, eleito em 7 de agosto de 1997, em sucessão a Darcy Ribeiro e recebido pelo Acadêmico Eduardo Portella em 31 de outubro de 1997. Filho de Maurício de Medeiros Furtado, de família de magistrados, e de Maria Alice Monteiro Furtado, de família de proprietários de terra. Foi casado com a jornalista Rosa Freire dAguiar. Estudos secundários no Liceu Paraibano, em João Pessoa, e no Ginásio Pernambucano, no Recife. Bacharel em Direito pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (1944), Doutor em Economia (1948) pela Universidade de Paris (Sorbonne). Estudos de pós-graduação na Universidade de Cambridge, Inglaterra (1957), sendo Fellow do Kings College. Participou da Força Expedicionária Brasileira durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Técnico de Administração do Governo Brasileiro (1944-45). Economista da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (1948-49); Como Diretor da Divisão de Desenvolvimento da CEPAL (1949-57), contribuiu de forma decisiva, ao lado do economista argentino Raúl Prebish, para a formulação do enfoque estruturalista da realidade socioeconômica da América Latina; Diretor do Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento Econômico (BNDE) (1958-59); No Governo de Juscelino Kubitschek, elaborou o Plano de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste, que deu lugar à criação da SUDENE, órgão que dirigiu por cinco anos (1959-64); No Governo João Goulart, foi o primeiro titular do Ministério do Planejamento (1962-63); Com o golpe militar de 1964, teve seus direitos políticos cassados por dez anos, dedicando-se então à pesquisa e ao ensino da Economia do Desenvolvimento e da Economia da América Latina em diversas universidades como as de Yale (EUA, 1964-65), Sorbonne (França, 1965-85), American University (EUA, 1972), Cambridge (“Cátedra Simon Bolívar”- Inglaterra, 1973-74), Columbia (EUA, 1976-77); Com a redemocratização, foi embaixador do Brasil junto à Comunidade Econômica Européia (1985-86), em Bruxelas, e Ministro da Cultura do Governo Sarney (1986-88), quando elaborou a primeira legislação de incentivos fiscais e fez a defesa da identidade cultural brasileira.

Kenneth Andrien

Author · 3 books

Verena Martinez-Alier

Brian Hamnett is a Research Professor in History Emeritus at the University of Essex, where he taught from 1990 until his retirement. Hamnett studied as an undergraduate and postgraduate at Peterhouse, Cambridge, and then became Assistant Professor in History at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA, from 1968 to 1972. After a period at the University of Reading (1972-74), he taught at the University of Strathclyde (1974-90) where he became a Reader in 1989. From 1990-95 he was joint Editor of the Bulletin of Latin American Research, and has been a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Latin American Studies and of the International Advisory Boards of the European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, and is also a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and Correspondent of the Academia Mexicana de la Historia. He was Director of the Latin American Centre (1994-97). In March 2010, Professor Hamnett was awarded a Banco Nacional de Mexico prize for Foreign Scholar working on Mexican Regional History.

Professor of Economics at the Xochimilco Campus of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana in México City. He received his doctorate in economics from Yale University and was awarded the National Prize in Political Economics in 1979 for his analysis of inflation in Mexico. He is a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences and of the National Research Council. In 1974, he was a founding member of the Ecodevelopment Center. He is interested in the process of unequal development that creates profound imbalances throughout society and promotes environmental degradation. His recent research focuses on the implementation of alternative strategies for the sustainable management of resources. Much of his work is conducted in collaboration with local communities and regional citizens' groups.

Anthony McFarlane is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Warwick, UK. His research has focused chiefly on the histories of Colombia and Ecuador, seen within the context of the history of the Spanish world in the period c.1700-c.1850. It includes study of Colombia's economic history during and after the colonial period, the history of rebellions, slavery and crime in the late colonial period, and the movements for independence in the early nineteenth century. He has also been interested in the comparative history of late colonial Spanish America [particularly the viceroyalties of Peru and New Granada] and in British American colonial history [the origins and growth Britain's 'First Empire' in North America and the Caribbean]. His current research centers on the Spanish American wars of independence in the period 1810-1825.

Inga Clendinnen, AO, FAHA was an Australian author, historian, anthropologist, and academic.

Kenneth Maxwell was the founding Director of the Brazil Studies Program at Harvard University's David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies (DRCLAS) (2006-2008) and a Professor in Harvard's Department of History (2004-2008). From 1989 to 2004 he was Director of the Latin America Program at the Council on Foreign Relations, and in 1995 became the first holder of the Nelson and David Rockefeller Chair in Inter-American Studies. He served as Vice President and Director of Studies of the Council in 1996. Maxwell previously taught at Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and the University of Kansas. Kenneth Maxwell founded and was Director of the Camões Center for the Portuguese-speaking World at Columbia and was the Program Director of the Tinker Foundation, Inc. From 1993 to 2004, he was the Western Hemisphere book reviewer for Foreign Affairs. He is a regular contributor to the New York Review of Books and was a weekly columnist between 2007 and 2015 for Folha de São Paulo and monthly columnist for O Globo from 2015. Maxwell was the Herodotus Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and a Guggenheim Fellow. He served on the Board of Directors of The Tinker Foundation, Inc., and the Consultative Council of the Luso-American Foundation. He is also a member of the Advisory Boards of the Brazil Foundation and Human Rights Watch/Americas. Maxwell received his B.A. and M.A. from St. John's College, Cambridge University, and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Princeton University.

Manuel Caballero

Author · 2 books

Manuel Antonio Caballero Agüero was a notable Venezuelan historian, journalist, best-selling author and professor of contemporary Venezuelan History at the Central University of Venezuela. Obtained a PhD at the University of London. With the publication of his PhD dissertation he became the first Venezuelan author to be published by Cambridge University Press.

Simon Collier

Author · 5 books

Sandra Lauderdale Graham

Author · 2 books

Alan Gilbert

Author · 2 books

José Alberto Magno Carvalho

Suzanne Austin Alchon

Leslie Bethell is Emeritus Professor of Latin American History and Honorary Research Fellow of the Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London; Emeritus Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford; Senior Research Associate, Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil, Fundação Getulio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro; and Senior Scholar, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. He is a former Director of the Institute of Latin American Studies, University of London (1987-92), and founding Director of the Centre for Brazilian Studies, University of Oxford (1997-2007). He has been Visiting Professor at a number of Brazilian and US universities and research institutions, including the Instituto Universitário de Pesquisas do Rio de Janeiro (1979), the University of California, San Diego (1986), the University of Chicago (1992-3), and the Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington D.C: Fellow (1987), Guest Scholar (1996-7), Public Policy Scholar (2008-9, 2010 and 2011). Professor Bethell's research has been principally in the field of nineteenth and twentieth-century Latin American – and especially Brazilian – political, social and cultural history. His publications include The abolition of the Brazilian slave trade (Cambridge, 1970; Port. trans. 1976; 2nd Port. trans., 2002), (editor, with Ian Roxborough) Latin America between the Second World War and the Cold War (Cambridge, 1992; Port. trans. 1996), The Paraguayan War (1864-1870) (London, 1996), (editor) Brasil: fardo do passado, promessa do futuro. Dez ensaios sobre politica e sociedade brasileira (Rio de Janeiro, 2002), Brazil by British and Irish authors (Oxford, 2003), (editor, with José Murilo de Carvalho) Joaquim Nabuco e os abolicionistas britânicos (Rio de Janeiro, 2008; Eng. trans., 2009), and Charles Landseer- Desenhos e Aquarelas de Portugal e do Brasil, 1825-1826 (Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Moreira Salles, 2010). He is Editor of the Cambridge History of Latin America (12 volumes, Cambridge University Press, 1984-2008), which is also being published in Spanish, Portuguese and Chinese, and the author or co-author of chapters on the Independence of Brazil and Brazil 1822-1850 in CHLA vol. III Latin America, from Independence to c. 1870 and four chapters on the politics of Brazil 1930-2002 in CHLA vol. IX Brazil since 1930 (2008). Professor Bethell serves on the International Advisory Councils of a number of Brazilian institutions and on the Editorial Boards of several Brazilian journals. Professor Bethell has been awarded the Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul by the Brazilian government (Comendador in 1994, Grande Oficial in 1998). In 2004 he was elected a member of the Academia Brasileira de Ciências. In 2010 he was elected a sócio correspondente (one of twenty foreign associate members) of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. He also in 2010 received the Ordem Nacional do Merito Cientifico (Comendador). He currently lives in Rio de Janeiro.He is the sole editor of the eleven volume Cambridge History of Latin America, a massive attempt at compiling and integrating the existing scholarship of Latin American studies.[5] The entire product took more than fifteen years to be completed[6] The work, was praised widely, with the historian Paul Gootenberg noting that the series had "earned rave scholarly reviews throughout the 1990s".[7] The Library Journal referred to the first two volumes of the series as "the most detailed, comprehensive, and authoritative work on the subject available"[8], while the political scientist Paul W. Drake called various volumes in the set "landmark[s] in their field."[9] Reviews were not completely positive, however, with some of the volumes being described as "unwieldy"[10] and skewed too much to the present age.[11] Alternately, the series has also been criticized for its lack of coverage of issues whose impacts have extended into contemporary times and of the trends that had

Michael Snodgrass

Author · 1 books