Minat Braginsky dalam Pengajian Timur bermula apabila beliau memasuki universiti dan pada 1969, beliau lulus dari Institute of Oriental Languages, Moscow State University dalam bidang pengajian bahasa dan kesusasteraan Indonesia. Penyelidikan beliau dalam bidang bahasa dan kesusasteraan timur diteruskan apabila beliau dilantik sebagai felo pengkaji di Institute of Oriental Studies, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (1969-1987). Mulai 1987, Dr Braginsky mengetuai Department of Interdisciplinary Studies of Oriental Cultures di institut yang sama. Manakala sekitar 1990-1992, beliau juga merupakan Profesor Kesusasteraan Melayu di Moscow State University. Pada 1972, Dr Braginsky memperoleh Degree of Candidate of Science (Ph.D) melalui tesisnya, The Evolution of Classical Malay Verse dan pada 1982, beliau memperoleh pula Degree of Doctor of Sciences (D.Lit) melalui tesisnya, Genesis and Evolution of Medievel Malay Literature. Selama 1992-1993, Dr Braginsky bekerja sebagai sarjana penyelidikan di Netherland Institute for Advanced Studies (Wassenaar, Belanda). Hasil penyelidikannya di Belanda ialah dua buku: The System of Classical Malay Literature 1993, Leiden dan Tasawuf dan Sastera Melayu, Kajian dan Teks-teks 1993, Jakarta. Pada akhir 1993, beliau dilantik sebagai Profesor Bahasa dan Budaya Asia Tenggara di School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.

Professor Mohammed Arkoun (Berber: Muḥemmed Arkun, Arabic: محمد أركون‎), was an Algerian scholar and thinker of Berber descent. He was considered to have been one of the most influential secular scholars in Islamic studies contributing to contemporary intellectual Islamic reform. In a career of more than 30 years, he had been a critic of the tensions embedded in his field of study, advocating Islamic modernism, secularism, and humanism. During his academic career, he wrote his numerous books mostly in French, and occasionally in English and Arabic. he studied at the Faculty of Literature of the University of Algiers and at the Sorbonne in Paris (Agrégé in Arabic language and Literature, 1956 and Ph.D., 1968). He established his academic reputation with his studies of the history and philosophy of Ibn Miskawayh. As he began to consider how one might rethink Islam in the contemporary world, his questioning provided a counterpoint to the predominant interpretations of both the Muslim world and the non-Muslim West. As the editor of Arabica, he broadened the journal's scope, and played a "significant" role in shaping Western-language scholarship on Islam (source?). He is the author of numerous books in French, English and Arabic, including most recently: Rethinking Islam (Boulder, Colorado, 1994), L'immigration: défis et richesses (Paris, 1998) and The Unthought in Contemporary Islamic Thought (London, 2002).[2] His shorter studies have appeared in many academic journals and his works have been translated into several languages. He was decorated as an Officer of the French Légion d'honneur in July 1996. In 2001, Professor Arkoun was asked to deliver the Gifford Lectures, which enable a notable scholar to contribute to the advancement of theological and philosophical thought and was announced as the recipient of the Seventeenth Georgio Levi Della Vida Award for his lifelong contribution to the field of Islamic Studies. Arkoun taught at the Lyon 2 University (1969–1972), as a professor at the Paris 8 University, and at the New Sorbonne University of Paris (1972–1992). He was a Fellow at Wissenschaftskolleg in Berlin (1986–1987 and 1990) and at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A (1992–1993), visiting professor at University of California, Los Angeles (1969), Princeton University (1985), Temple University, the University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Wallonia, Belgium, (1977–1979), the Pontifical Institute of Arabic Studies in Rome and the University of Amsterdam (1991–1993) and served as a jury member for the Aga Khan Award for Architecture. At the time of his death he was Emeritus Professor at La Sorbonne as well as Senior Research Fellow and member of the Board of Governors of The Institute of Ismaili Studies (IIS), At IIS, he has taught various graduate courses including unthought in contemporary Islamic thought, rethinking Islam, contemporary challenges of Muslim world and traditions for almost a decade. Arkoun died on the evening of September 14, 2010, in Paris. باحث ومؤرخ ومفكر جزائري، ولد عام 1928 في بلدة تاوريرت ن ميمون(آث يني) بمنطقة القبائل الكبرى الأمازيغية بالجزائر، ;و انتقل مع عائلته إلى بلدة عين الأربعاء(ولاية عين تموشنت) حيث درس دراسته الإبتدائية بها. وأكمل دراسته الثانوية في وهران، إبتدأ دراسته الجامعية بكلية الفلسفة في الجزائر ثم أتم دراسته في السوربون في باريس. فكره يتميز فكر أركون بمحاولة عدم الفصل بين الحضارات شرقية وغربية واحتكار الإسقاطات على أحدهما دون الآخر، بل إمكانية فهم الحضارات دون النظر إليها على أنها شكل غريب من الآخر، وهو ينتقد الإستشراق المبني على هذا الشكل من البحث. 1- رفع القداسة عن القرآن الكريم, والتعامل مع القرآن على أنه منتوج بشري. 2- رجل علماني بحت. 3- التشكيك في نسبة النصوص الأصلية في الإسلام (الكتاب والسنة) عُين محمد اركون أستاذا لتاريخ الفكر الإسلامي والفلسفة في جامعة السوربون عام 1968 بعد حصوله على درجة دكتوراه في الفلسفة منها، وعمل كباحث مرافق في برلين عام 1986 و 1987. شغل منذ العام 1993 منصب عضو في مجلس إدارة معاهد الدراسات الإسلامية في لندن.