
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870-1924) -one of the leaders of the Bolshevik party since its formation in 1903- led the Bolsheviks to power in October, 1917. Elected to the head of the Soviet government until 1922, when he retired due to ill health. Lenin, born in 1870, was committed to revolutionary struggle from an early age - his elder brother was hanged for the attempted assassination of Czar Alexander III. In 1891 Lenin passed his Law exam with high honors, whereupon he took to representing the poorest peasantry in Samara. After moving to St. Petersburg in 1893, Lenin's experience with the oppression of the peasantry in Russia, coupled with the revolutionary teachings of G V Plekhanov, guided Lenin to meet with revolutionary groups. In April 1895, his comrades helped send Lenin abroad to get up to speed with the revolutionary movement in Europe, and in particular, to meet the Emancipation of Labour Group, of which Plekhanov head. After five months abroad, traveling from Switzerland to France to Germany, working at libraries and newspapers to make his way, Lenin returned to Russia, carrying a brief case with a false bottom, full of Marxist literature. On returning to Russia, Lenin and Martov created the League for the Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class, uniting the Marxist circles in Petrograd at the time. The group supported strikes and union activity, distributed Marxist literature, and taught in workers education groups. In St. Petersburg Lenin begins a relationship with Nadezhda Krupskaya. In the night of December 8, 1895, Lenin and the members of the party are arrested; Lenin sentenced to 15 months in prison. By 1897, when the prison sentence expired, the autocracy appended an additional three year sentence, due to Lenin's continual writing and organising while in prison. Lenin is exiled to the village of Shushenskoye, in Siberia, where he becomes a leading member of the peasant community. Krupskaya is soon also sent into exile for revolutionary activities, and together they work on party organising, the monumental work: The Development of Capitalism in Russia, and the translating of Sidney and Beatrice Webb's Industrial Democracy. After his term of exile ends, Lenin emigrates to Münich, and is soon joined by Krupskaya. Lenin creates Iskra, in efforts to bring together the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, which had been scattered after the police persecution of the first congress of the party in 1898. [...:] After leading the October Revolution, Lenin served as the first and only chairman of the R.S.F.S.R.. In 1919 Lenin founded the Communist International. In 1921 Lenin instituted the NEP. During 1922 Lenin suffered a series of strokes that prevented active work in government. While in his final year – late 1922 to 1923 – Lenin wrote his last articles where he outlined a programme to fight against the bureaucratization of the Commmunist Party and the Soviet state. Lenin died on January 21, 1924, as a result of multiple strokes.

2018

1971

Selected Writings of Lenin from 1917
2002

1918

1969

"What Is to Be Done?" and Other Writings
1964

2019

1894

The Struggle of Lenin and the CPSU Against Trotskyism: A Collection of Documents
1972

1973

1890

Articles and Speeches
1969

2019

2014

1973

the Revolutions of 1917
2024

1974
1973

1967

The Other Lenin
2024

2022

Selected Writings
2008
1976

2020

2015

1924

2021

2009

1965
Discursos Pronunciados En Los Congresos De La Internacional Comunista
1976

1899

2012

2016

1973

1949

2024

1909

1979

1958

1905

2015

1902

1913

2018

1979

1920
1916

On Imperialist War
2024

1905

1975

1966

2016

2012

1966

1971

An Infantile Disorder
1920

1970

1904

1980

The Communist Manifesto, The Conquest of Bread, The State and Revolution
2020

1970
2026
2026

1963

The State and Revolution, What Is to Be Done?, Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder & Imperialism: The Final Stage of Capitalism"
2025
1893
1915

1970

Speeches and Writings, 1922-23
1995

Soviet Power and the Status of Women, International Working Women's Day
1979

2017

1908

1901

2023

2024

1971

1894

Remembering, Repeating, and Working Through
2017

2013

From the Secret Archive
1996

1915

1975

The Highest Stage of Capitalism
1917

1917

2026

1968

2025

1917

1896